A Methodological Approach to Developing an Assessment Procedure for Testing the Neurobehavioral Maturity of Preterm Infants

Korner, Anneliese F.; Kraemer, Helena C.; Reade, Elaine P.; Forrest, T. G.; Dimiceli, Sue; Thom, Valerie A.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1987.tb03860.x

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…18 Data about maturity were collected using several measures, including PMA, day of life, and the Neurobehavioral Maturity Assessment scale. 19 All maturity values were highly correlated, so PMA was used as the measure of maturity in the analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the neonatal intensive care unit environment on preterm infant oral feeding

Pickler¹,

McGrath²,

Reyna³

et al. 2013

RRN

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Objective To examine the effect of neonatal intensive care unit environmental characteristics (perceived levels of light and sound, and time of day) in open unit wards and single-family rooms (SFRs) on oral feeding outcomes in preterm infants. Design Data were collected at each scheduled oral feeding for 87 preterm infants from the first oral feeding until discharge. Data included the prescribed volume of feeding and the volume consumed, the infant’s level of wakefulness before feeding, and the nurse’s perception of light and sound. Results Data were collected on 5111 feedings in the ward unit and 5802 in the SFR unit from feedings involving 87 preterm infants. Light and sound were rated significantly lower in the SFR (χ2 = 139 and 1654.8, respectively). Feeding times of 9 am, 12 noon, and 3 pm were associated with the highest perceived levels of light and sound, regardless of unit design (P < 0.0001). Moderate light levels and feeding times of 12, 3, and 6 am were associated with improved feeding outcomes. Infants consumed a greater proportion of their prescribed feeding volume when fed in the open ward and when awake before feeding. Conclusion Further study on the clinical effects of unit design is needed, as is study on the effects of environmental stimuli, so that interventions can be appropriately developed and tailored for infants needing the most support for optimal development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the neonatal intensive care unit environment on preterm infant oral feeding

Pickler¹,

McGrath²,

Reyna³

et al. 2013

RRN

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“…The NAPI evaluates features of neonatal motor development, state regulation, and responsivity to stimuli. Although this scale was developed for use with preterm infants, it was selected because of the rigorous psychometric testing undertaken for scale development (Korner et al, 1987;Korner, Constantinou, Dimiceli, Brown, & Thom, 1991), reports of the use of this scale with full-term infants by other investigators (Brown, Bakeman, Coles, Sexon, & Demi, 1998), and relevance of several derived factors to our research questions. The exam proceeds in an invariant sequence of manipulations and observations.…”

Section: Neonatementioning

confidence: 99%

What does fetal movement predict about behavior during the first two years of life?

DiPietro

Bornstein

Costigan

et al. 2002

Developmental Psychobiology

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This study evaluated whether motor activity prior to birth is predictive of motor behavior and temperament in neonates, infants, and toddlers. Three measures of fetal motor activity (activity level, amplitude, and number of movements) were collected at 24, 30, and 36 weeks of gestation in 52 healthy fetuses using Doppler-based actography. Postnatal data collection included a neurobehavioral assessment at 2-weeks postpartum (n = 41), and laboratory-based behavioral observations at 1 and 2 years of age (ns = 35). Individual stability in motor activity was present during gestation. Predictive relations between fetal movement and neonatal behavior were inconsistent; significant but small positive associations were detected between motor behavior at 36 weeks and neonatal irritability and motor development. Fetal activity level at 36 weeks was positively associated with observed 1-year activity level for boys (but inversely related for girls) and maternal report of activity level at 2 years. Fetal movement was consistently and negatively predictive of distress to limitations at 1 year and behavioral inhibition at 2 years, accounting for 21 to 43% of the variance in these measures. Intrafetal variability in motor behavior makes this a relatively unstable metric for prediction to neonatal maturational outcomes, which are relatively constrained, but fetal motor activity appears to predict temperament attributes related to regulatory behaviors in early childhood.

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“…Raw data for the original sample are no longer available; the means and standard deviations for each NAPI cluster at each of the conceptional ages are based on Korner and Thorn (1 990); many of the 52 1 infants were tested at more than one PCA, providing 866 assessments. Summary characteristics of this group were described by Korner and her colleagues (Korner et al, 2000;Korner et a]., 1991;Korner et al, 1987;Korner & Thorn, 1990); 53% were male and 65% were White, 15% Latino, 8% Black, 3% Asian, and 9% other; additional sociodemographic data were not collected. Based on information provided in these publications, we computed the mean birth weight, gestational age, and Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) score (see Table 1).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison at 32–37 Weeks Postconception of Infants Born 1983–1989 and 1995–2004 on the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant

Brown

Bakeman

Sampers

et al. 2008

Infancy

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In spite of numerous recent outcome studies of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, no data exist on their development prior to term. In this study we traced and compared the neurobehavioral development of 251 ELBW (< 1,000 g) and 240 low birth weight (LBW; 1,000 g–2,500 g) preterms born between 1995 and 2004 from 32 to 37 weeks postconceptional age (PCA), using the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant (NAPI Korner & Thom, 1990). Compared to the original NAPI cohort of 521 infants (born 1983–1989), the ELBW and LBW infants were at higher medical risk, displayed weaker motor development, a tighter scarf sign and popliteal angle at all or most PCAs, and a weaker cry at older PCAs; they did not differ in irritability and percent asleep ratings. Few differences were noted between the ELBW and LBW groups. Research is now needed to determine whether the 1995 to 2004 NAPI values of ELBW and LBW infants at 32 to 37 weeks PCA are predictive of later outcome of high‐risk preterms.

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A Methodological Approach to Developing an Assessment Procedure for Testing the Neurobehavioral Maturity of Preterm Infants

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of the neonatal intensive care unit environment on preterm infant oral feeding

Effects of the neonatal intensive care unit environment on preterm infant oral feeding

What does fetal movement predict about behavior during the first two years of life?

Comparison at 32–37 Weeks Postconception of Infants Born 1983–1989 and 1995–2004 on the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant

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