Harlequin ichthyosis is a rare autosomal recessive congenital disease in which neonates present generalized hyperkeratotic plaques and deep fissures, ectropion, eclabium, malformation of the auricular pavilion and typical facies. Although several complications related to the skin restriction may occur, support in intensive care and early introduction of systemic retinoids, such as acitretin, have significantly contributed to patients' survival and improved prognosis. The purpose of this report is to present a rare case of harlequin ichthyosis and to discuss strategies for early diagnosis and first supportive care.
Scabies is an ectoparasitosis caused by
Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis
, characterized clinically by pruritic lesions in typical locations; the crusted form is a rare manifestation. The diagnosis is usually established based on the clinical picture, but dermoscopy can be an important complementary method, as it allows the observation of a brownish triangular structure with a hang-glider appearance. A case of crusted scabies is reported; the magnification of the images obtained by digital dermoscopy allowed the demonstration of a structure usually observed only with videodermoscopy.
Os autores apresentam um caso de prurigo de Hebra, com o quadro típico numa criança com o mesmo perfil socioeconômico e de fatores predisponentes descritos por Hebra em Viena no século XIX. Essa doença se manifesta por múltiplas pápulas pequenas e extremamente pruriginosas. Devido à escoriação, ocorrem erosões e liquenificação e infecções secundárias, evoluindo para cicatrizes hiper ou hipopigmentadas.. As crianças afetadas geralmente são desnutridas e têm adenomegalias inguinal, axilar ou cervical. Normalmente, são crianças atópicas com hipersensibilidade cutânea a picada de insetos, num contexto de higiene inadequada e má nutrição.
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