The confrontational or adversarial approach is one of the main factors that forms the basis of the criminal justice system. However, its application in the pre-trial phase is limited. Therefore, this document aims to demonstrate the importance of analyzing theoretical and practical problems. The choice of documentary and casuistic methodology allowed the following conclusions to be reached: Currently, the Russian police are undergoing changes that aim to humanize the criminal process, to solve fundamental challenges in the protection of the rights, liberty and interests of a person in the pre-trial investigation that will guarantee the confrontation system in criminal proceedings. We conducted a comparative legal investigation and analyzed criminal case files, as well as the results of questionnaire surveys conducted among investigators and attorneys. Overall, the results represent the actual state of cases in the pre-trial phase and help determine areas of development. We propose feasible changes to the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation that will eliminate the disparity between some of its regulations and the requirements of the confrontation system in general.
In criminal proceedings of Vietnam, in contrast to the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, it is advisable to separate physical, material and moral damage that may be caused by the crime or socially dangerous act prohibited by the criminal law, the rights and legitimate interests of natural or legal persons. The article is devoted to solving the problem of compensation for damage caused by a crime in pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases, based on the study of Russian and Vietnamese criminal procedure legislation, practice, and results of its application. The conclusions are subject to study and implementation in the law.Keywords: Compensation for harm; Investigation; Rights and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings Kompensasi untuk Kerusakan yang Disebabkan oleh Kejahatan di Republik Sosialis Vietnam dan Federasi Rusia Abstrak:Berbeda dengan Kode Acara Pidana Federasi Rusia, lebih baik dalam proses pidana Vietnam untuk memisahkan kerugian fisik, material, dan moral yang disebabkan oleh kejahatan atau tindakan berbahaya secara sosial yang dilarang oleh hukum pidana dari hak dan kepentingan sah orang atau badan hukum. Berdasarkan kajian undang-undang prosedur pidana Rusia dan Vietnam, praktik, dan hasil penerapannya, artikel ini dikhususkan untuk memecahkan masalah kompensasi atas kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh kejahatan dalam proses pra-persidangan dalam kasus pidana. Kesimpulan sedang dipelajari dan akan dimasukkan ke dalam undang-undang.Kata Kunci: Kompensasi untuk kerugian; Penyelidikan; Hak dan kepentingan sah peserta dalam proses pidana Возмещение вреда причиненного преступлением в социалистической республике Вьетнам и Российской Федерации АннотацияСтатья посвящена разрешению проблемы возмещения вреда, причиненного преступлением, в досудебном производстве по уголовным делам, на основе исследования российского и вьетнамского уголовно-процессуального законодательства, практики и результатов его применения. Выводы подлежат изучению и внедрению в законКлючевые Слова: возмещение вреда, расследование, права и законные интересы участников уголовного процесса, следователь, дознаватель
Russian Federation’s competitiveness is largely interconnected with the state investment policy’s development level. However, the need for investments in high-quality infrastructure, on the one hand, and corresponding budget funds deficit, on the other hand, highlight the problem of the state and business entities’ cooperation by means of concession. At the same time there are many barriers, which hinder the concession’s consecutive development. That is why the research goal includes the elaboration of measures, aimed at the effective application of a concession as a tool of state investment policy. The systematic approach and a set of scientific measures, including observation, expert assessment, statistical data processing, analysis and comparison have been applied in the study. As a result, the research authors define the following growth areas of a concession: legal normative (normative consolidation of the concession’s development strategies and programmes, quality improvement of the methodological and legal concession projects elaboration), production organizational (quality improvement of territorial planning when proposing concessional agreements, the application of a complex approach to concession’s facilities’ modernization and etc.) and economic (broadening the spectrum of budgetary and non-budgetary tools used for financing concessional projects, elaboration of reasonable requirements to guarantee exposure according to the concessional agreement and etc.).
The article deals with the problematic aspects related to the criminal procedure regulation of the implementation of the principles of criminal justice. The problematic aspects connected to the implementation of the principles of criminal justice by the participants on the part of the defense, the prosecution, and the court are touched upon. The article considers the features of the implementation of the principle of competition, equality of the parties, a reasonable period of criminal proceedings in the pre-trial stages of the criminal process. The conclusion summarizes all the procedural features which are encountered in the implementation of all the principles as fundamental principles during all stages of the criminal process.
The textbook deals with the main issues of the course "State and municipal service": General issues of state and municipal service, sources of law governing the state and municipal service, positions of state and municipal service, the legal status of state and municipal employees, issues of combating corruption in the state and municipal service, admission, passage and termination of state civil and municipal service, features of legal regulation of civil service in certain state bodies, military service, public service of other types, social protection of state and municipal employees, personnel work and personnel policy in the civil and municipal service, management of state and municipal service.
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