Настоящая статья посвящена обзору и анализу существующих методов математического моделиро-вания процессов концентрирования на мембранных аппаратах с отводом поляризационного слоя. Указаны общие принципы построения кибернетических моделей и получения передаточных функций. Описаны ин-формационные схемы разработанных ранее математических моделей, их достоинства и недостатки. Пред-ложена новая модель процесса мембранного концентрирования, дополненная не учтенными ранее входными воздействиями, возмущающими воздействиями, выходными параметрами и обратной связью. Это позволяет оперативно вносить необходимые изменения в значения возмущающих воздействий в результате несоответ-ствия полученных значений выходных параметров диапазонам допустимых значений параметров, либо при-ближения к границам этих диапазонов. Проведен анализ дальнейших перспектив развития математического моделирования мембранных процессов с использованием элементов теории автоматического управления. Science and Technology, Kemerovo, e-mail: ketsn.kem@gmail.com This article provides an overview and analysis of existing methods of modeling the processes of concentration on the membrane device with a tap of the polarization layer. The general principles of cybernetic models, obtaining transfer functions are shown. Information schemes of available models, their advantages and disadvantages are described. A new model of the membrane concentration, supplemented with new input and output parameters and feedback. This allows to quickly make the necessary changes in the value of disturbances resulting from inconsistency of output parameters value to the range of acceptable values or approaching to the limits of these ranges. The analysis of further prospects of developing the mathematical modeling of membrane processes has. Kemerovo Institute of Food Keywords: cybernetic simulation, transfer functions, membrane concentration, polarization layerМоделирование и расчет аппаратов и установок составляют один из основных этапов внедрения технологического обо-рудования в производственный процесс. Простота методов моделирования и расче-та сокращает время пуска технологической линии, что, в свою очередь, позволяет уско-рить получение прибыли.Методы кибернетики позволяют не только сократить путь перехода от лабора-торного стола к промышленной реализа-ции, но и резко уменьшить число необходи-мых опытов, быстро выявить оптимальный вариант осуществления изучаемого про-цесса. Кроме того, кибернетические методы моделирования можно считать универсаль-ными для множества различных процессов. Использование передаточных функций по-зволяет описывать динамические свойства системы практически любой структуры и сложности. Единственный недостаток -полученное описание не отражает физи-ческие закономерности процесса. Однако именно это позволяет связать в единую систему модели различных процессов, раз-личных по физической основе.Кибернетический подход целесообраз-но использовать при описании мембранных методов. Достаточно актуальным является математическое моделирование процесса мембранн...
Introduction. Rational use of dairy raw materials is important for the national economy. The research objective was to improve the existing technologies of milk raw material processing using new type membrane equipment with polarization layer diversion. The process was mathematically simulated according to the theory of automatic control and transfer functions. Study objects and methods. The study featured a new installation constructed on the basis of a membrane device with membrane layer diversion. The new equipment can serve as a basis for a novel low-waste and non-waste technology. Unlike traditional membrane apparatus, this one has three flows: a more concentrated polarization layer (concentrate), a core layer of retentat, and a layer of permeat. The mathematical model of the process can describe the behavior of any dynamic system of almost any structure and complexity. Results and its discussion. The simulation showed that recycling of the diverted concentrate can intensify the concentration. To increase the intensity of membrane concentration in such installations, partial recirculation of the concentrate flow can be recommended, with its subsequent transfer to the main flow. Partial recycling of the retentate flow did not prove effective, as it did no increase the concentration of the final product. However, it can be used for a more complete extraction of the target component. This aspect requires further research. Conclusions. The paper introduces a new technology that improves the concentration of milk raw materials and possesses practical importance.
Problems of organizing decision support in the management of complex systems based on data mining are discussed in this article; also, the state of the art is presented. The specificity of data used for analysis is noted, along with the array of historical and current data. The problem is stated, methods for organizing decision-making information support with set of recommendations are proposed. The proposed methodology includes collection and preparation of data for analysis, identification of new knowledge based on similarity of objects using clustering, their integration with expert knowledge, formalization of knowledge and formation of the knowledge base, obtaining solutions while making use of knowledge and inference engine. Tools for data mining, namely, the analytical platform Deductor Studio, are shown. The results of experimental studies based on the proposed method are provided. The system of production rules and the inference engine are proposed to use for organization of decision-making support. In this case, a consequent set of rules is presented in the form of recommendations for opening branch, which is shown as the boundary values of several characteristics. The boundary values are determined by results of an object entering the cluster, which is revealed by conducting cluster analysis using neural network apparatus. The specially developed software solution is used to implement solutions based on the system of production rules.
The article discusses the main advantages of the effective use of membrane technologies in industrial production. The key directions of development of membrane technology, their advantages and disadvantages are given. Various approaches are considered in the design of membrane devices. Methods of mathematical modeling are proposed. They allow analyzing various technological processes. A modeling technique based on transfer functions has been developed. This technique takes into account the influence of the most significant disturbing actions on the object under study. A transfer function in its general form has been constructed. The discrepancy between experimental and theoretical data does not exceed 10%, which indicates the adequacy and sufficient prognostic ability of the mathematical model. It makes it promising for the industrial equipment design.
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