PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to develop a model of distribution of human and machine labor at intellectual production in Industry 4.0.Design/methodology/approachThe basis of the methodology of the research is regression analysis. The analyzed variables are independent variables that characterize the level of development of human and machine labor in the economy of a country; dependent variables that reflect the effectiveness of the production, marketing and innovative business processes in the economy of country according to “The Global Competitiveness Report” (World Economic Forum); and dependent variables, which show the share of the sphere (agriculture, mining industry, processing industry and service sphere) in the structure of GDP of a country according to the statistics of the World Bank. For determining the change of regression dependencies in dynamics in the interests of reduction of the probability of statistical error, the research is conducted for 2010 and 2018 with application of trend analysis.FindingsBased on the full selection of modern countries that conduct digital modernization, the authors determine statistical dependencies of effectiveness of business processes and development of the spheres of economy on the intensity of application of machine and human labor. This allowed determining significant differences in automatization of business processes: perspectives of application of machine labor are the widest in production and the narrowest in marketing, differentiated logic of organization of intellectual production in different spheres of economy and the specifics of automatization of business processes and spheres of economy in countries of different categories, one of which has to be taken into account during organization of intellectual production in Industry 4.0.Originality/valueThe developed model of optimal distribution of human and machine labor at intellectual production in Industry 4.0 will allow reducing disproportions in effectiveness of different business processes, development of different spheres of economy and growth rate of developed and developing countries. This explains its contribution into provision of well-balanced development of the modern global economic system.
Contemporary realities dictate that technologization, digitalization (transition of the economy and the social sector to digital technologies of functioning and interaction) and the national intellectual capital are the basic competitive advantages of the country that require proper information security. An information security system is a set of corporate rules, standards of work and procedures for ensuring information security formed based on the audit of the company's information system, and the analysis of existing security risks in accordance with requirements of the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation and the provisions of the standards in the field of information security. It is especially important for Russian companies actively interacting with foreign partners. In addressing the problem of information security, the development of the company's unified information security policy occupies a leading place; therefore, this article will be devoted to consideration of these issues. The authors of the present study proceed from the objective-subjective predetermination of any phenomena and processes of the external world. In this format, the study is based on general scientific methods: systematic analysis and generalization of normative and practical materials; formal and dialectical logic: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, hypotheses, analogies; and special methods of legal research: comparative-legal and historical-legal, system analysis and interpretation of legal norms. Based on the analysis, the following conclusions have been made: currently, the most important direction of the national economy development is the protection of vital human and social interests, the key element of which is information security. This study represents the development of a scientific overview of the modern ways to ensure information security in both applied and legal contexts. This article underlines and examines the problems and economic legal features of ensuring information security in Russia. These materials can be used both in preparation of other scientific research and in the development of guidance documents by the power structures.
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