Information and communications technology (ICT) would drive the acceleration of digitalization era, including dynamics of trade flow among ASEAN countries, both in low or high-tech also. Basically each country has different resources, and so why many factors must be known to be a winner. This aim of study was to analyze the impact of ICT existence on ASEAN trade flows. Panel data for 10 ASEAN countries for a period from 2012 to 2016 was employed to construct Gravity Model. To estimate that model, we applied Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML). All data came from World Bank, WITS, CEPII, IMF, and ITU. The result showed that ICT has significantly positive impacts on both trade flow ASEAN market. If we elaborated in detail, according to (a) the sector, ICT in trade of hi-tech commodities was more attractive effort than low-tech commodities and (b) the existence, the adult literacy rate as ICT skills was more dominant factor influenced in trade flow among ASEAN countries compare ICT access and usage. Some policy recommendations were how to develop workers' skills, mitigation issue on digital economy, and develop domestic ICT industry.
Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT) aims to help the poor in accessing some of their food. Unfortunately, various obstacles and challenges are still found in the implementation that can potentially reduce the full benefits of BPNT. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of BPNT implementation in Yogyakarta City as a pilot area. A qualitative approach is used to answer it, supplemented by a variety of primary and secondary data. The primary data comes from a questionnaire based on an e-warong perspective and indepth interviews with relevant stakeholders, namely Ministry of Social Affairs, academics, social service, and other. Secondary data comes from the publication of the Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Cultural Affairs, Non-Governmental Institutions observing public policy, Statistics Indonesia, the Ministry of Social Affairs, the National Logistics Agency, and other. The Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) approach is specifically applied to measure the effectiveness characteristics of the BPNT implementation. The results showed that the implementation of BPNT in Yogyakarta City was generally effective but with a note when viewed from 6 accuracy indicators. The administrative dimension has not performed better than the others. Moreover, according to the interviews, the established dimensions still have a chance to decrease its performance due to various factors. Based on that finding, the government needs to improve food supply, infrastructure, and data collection mechanism. In addition, other suggestions are to improve BPNT based on beneficiary and region, and to increase the National Logistics Agency's involvement and performance to support BPNT and national food affairs.
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