We report the case of cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus gattii in a Queensland koala(Phascolarctos cinereus adustus) that died despite receiving an oral treatment of itraconazole and an inhalation of amphotericin B. Although the lesion caused by C. gattii was localized in the maxilla, a lateral nasal swelling and a pustular mass in the muzzle were also observed. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections were diagnosed in the liver, lungs, urogenital sinus, vertebral canal, and psoas. Immunosuppression by the koala retrovirus(KoRV) was suggested to be associated with the mixed infection because the koala tested positive for KoRV.
An American greater flamingo(Phoenicopterus ruber) chick that hatched in Kobe Municipal Oji Zoo presented with a walking difficulty, as it grew, because of a twisted knock-knee leg. To remedy this, we developed a double-joint device orthosis made from polypropylene and fixed it from the tibiotarsus to the tarsometatarsus region in the chick. The chick began to walk normally and responded to the effects of corrective treatment. However, we also made a number of improvements to the joint bending to this orthosis because of the formation of a superficial ulcer in the intertarsal joint of the chick, continuing corrective treatment for 254 days. Results confirm twisted leg symptom improvements following the removal of the orthosis, and the chick continued to live with the other flamingos.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.