resumo -A seleção de genótipos de cajueiro em progênies segregantes obtidas via hibridações artificiais representa em uma oportunidade de associação de genes favoráveis, herdados de genitores conhecidos. Adicionalmente, conhecer a dinâmica dos principais caracteres de interesse pode auxiliar na definição de estratégias eficientes para a obtenção de ganhos genéticos. Logo, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo e caracteres morfológicos de progênies de irmãos completos de cajueiro, conduzidas no município de Pacajus-CE, ao longo de três safras de cultivo, e estimar as correlações entre os caracteres de interesse. Nas safras de 2010, 2011 e 2012, foram avaliadas sete progênies de cajueiro em relação a caracteres morfológicos e produtivos. Os cruzamentos CCP 76 x BRS 226, CCP 76 x Embrapa 51 e BRS 226 x Embrapa 51 mostraram-se promissores na geração de genótipos superiores para caracteres de interesse agronômico. O porte da planta apresentou associações positivas com a produtividade de castanhas, e o número de castanhas por planta evidenciou forte correlação com a produtividade. Portanto, ressalta-se a necessidade de realizar a seleção buscando o equilíbrio em relação ao desempenho nos caracteres morfológicos e produtivos, visando à obtenção de genótipos que associem a elevada produtividade de castanhas e adequado porte de planta. termos para indexação: Anacardium occidentale L., progênies, desempenho agronômico.performance of hYBrid of precocious dwarf cashew on the coast of the state of cearÁ aBstract -The selection of cashew genotypes in segregating progenies obtained via artificial hybridization consists of a chance to associate favorable genes inherited from known parents. Additionally, knowing the dynamics of the main characters of interest can help define effective strategies to obtain genetic gains. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of cashew full-sib progenies in relation to production and morphological characters, cultivated in the municipality of Pacajus-CE in three growing seasons, and to estimate the correlations among traits of interest. In the seasons of 2010, 2011 and 2012 were evaluated seven progenies of cashew in relation to morphological and productive characters. The crosses CCP 76 x BRS 226, CCP 76 x Embrapa 51 and BRS 226 x Embrapa 51 shown to be promising in generating superior genotypes for agronomic interest characters. The size of the plant showed positive associations with productivity of nuts, and the number of nuts per plant showed strong correlation with yield. So, it is important to emphasize the necessity to perform the selection seeking balance in relation to the performance on morphological and productive characters in order to obtain genotypes that combine high productivity of nuts and appropriate size of plant. index terms: Anacardium occidentale L., progeny, agronomic performance.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of RAPD and ISSR molecular markers to determine the genetic variability among cashew (Anacardium spp.) genotypes, and to indicate possible promising crosses based on cashew genetic variability and phenotypic performance. Ten hybrids - derived from the crosses CCP 76 x BGC 589, CCP 76 x BRS 226, CCP 76 x HAC 276-1, CCP 76 x Embrapa 51, CCP 76 x BRS 253, CCP 76 x HAC222-4, and BRS226 x Embrapa 51 - and their parents were assessed at the molecular level. The hybrids were evaluated for nut yield, mean nut weight, bored nuts, and powdery mildew on nuts (scale 0-4). The RAPD and ISSR markers were efficient in the determinaton of the genetic variability among cashew genotypes, allowing of the grouping of 21 clusters. Associated with the phenotypic characterization of cashew nut for yield, weight, and health, the used markers can efficiently identify possible combinations with higher genetic variability and higher probability of developing transgressive genotypes in segregating populations.
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