In our experimental study, IUGR pups showed an altered proteomic profile compared to their non-IUGR siblings and non-IUGR controls. Thus, not all offspring of calorie-restricted mothers become IUGR with the accompanying alterations in the expression of proteins. The differentially expressed proteins could modulate alterations in the energy balance, plasticity and maturation of the brain.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) has been associated with increased perinatal morbidity, higher incidence of neurodevelopmental defects and increased risk for adult metabolic syndrome manifestations. Altered protein expression profiles associated with IUGR may be informative on the pathological mechanisms of this condition and might reveal potential markers for postnatal complications. We hypothesized that nutrient manipulation of the pregnant rat might influence the expression of important neurodevelopmental proteins in the resultant IUGR offspring. Therefore, we aimed to determine in newborn rat brain tissue the expression of collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs)-1, -2 and -5, commonly referred to as dihydropyrimidinase-related proteins (DPYLs) - playing a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration - and compare it to the corresponding expression in control rats. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, as well as Western blot analysis were employed in brain tissue from 24 IUGR newborn rats and 24 controls. With both methods, CRMP-1, CRMP-2 and CRMP-5 were decreased in the brains of the IUGR group as compared to the control group at the time of delivery. In conclusion, IUGR rat offspring are born with a decreased expression of CRMPs, suggesting that these proteins may be implicated in fetal stress-induced programming.
Introduction and Aim. With the implementation of multimodal analgesia regimens, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are often administered for optimal pain control and reduction of opioid use. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of lornoxicam, a NSAID, on anastomotic healing employing an animal model. Materials and Methods. A total of 28 Wistar rats were randomly assigned in two groups. All animals underwent ascending colonic transection followed by an end-to-end hand sewn anastomosis. Group 1 received intraperitoneally lornoxicam before and daily after surgery. Group 2 received intraperitoneally an equal volume of placebo. Half of the animals in each group were euthanized on the 3rd pod and the remaining on the 7th pod. Macro- and microscopic indicators of anastomotic healing were compared using a two-tailed Fisher exact test. Results. The lornoxicam group significantly decreased fibroblast in growth and reepithelization of the mucosa at the anastomotic site on the 3rd pod and significantly increased occurrence of deep reaching defects, necrosis, and microabscess on the 7th pod. Conclusion. Lornoxicam administration during the perioperative period adversely affects histologic parameters of intestinal anastomotic healing. These effects of lornoxicam administration were not found to induce significant increase of anastomotic dehiscence in the rat model.
Renal impairment is associated with high mortality rates in severely ill patients. The need to prevent and treat renal damage underlines the importance of understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms that characterize it. This could also enable early diagnosis and the design of alternative therapeutic approaches. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of crocetin, a known antioxidant, on the prevention of renal damage due to ischemiareperfusion injury and the investigation of the mechanisms involved. The present study was performed on C57BL/6 mice aged 10-12 weeks. The animals had access to water and food ad libitum. The experiment, as described in materials and methods, was completed at 24 h, in which case the kidneys were removed for further study, both at tissue morphology (with immunohistochemistry) and changes in the level of miRs' expression by qRT-PCR. Accordingly, using the automatic precision analyzer, the serum levels of the basic parameters currently used clinically for the monitoring of renal function were determined. The administration of crocetin, despite the short presence of the substance in the body, affects all the biochemical parameters analyzed (urea, creatinine, uric acid, and ions of Na, K, Cl, P, Mg and Ca), causing significant decrease of their measured values. Crocetin also resulted in a significant limitation of the inflammation elements and the degree of epithelial damage. Furthermore, the administration of crocetin appears to restore levels of expression of miR21, miR127 and miR132.
The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistant human pathogens have been directly linked to the use of antibiotics in livestock production. The purpose of this study was to detect and quantify the concentration of the residues of Sulphadiazine (SDZ) and Trimethoprim (TMP) in edible tissues of pigs and to determine the withdrawal period after oral administration of OPTIPRIME® premix 40%, containing 66.7 g TMP and 333.3 g SDZ per kg to healthy pigs. The depletion profile of SDZ and TMP was studied in healthy pigs, after oral administration of 1.5 kg OPTIPRIME® per ton of feeding stuff, for 5 consecutive days. A total of 22 pigs at age 65±2 days and from 27.1-33.0 kg were used. The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups (5 pigs per group), while 2 pigs acted as control animals. All medicated pigs were sacrificed 1, 4, 7 and 11 days after the last administration and muscle, fat, liver and kidney tissues were collected and analyzed using a validated liquid chromatography-mass spectrophotometry method. On the 1st day post medication (pm), SDZ was found in muscle and fat at higher concentrations than TMP, whereas higher concentrations of TMP were found in the liver, while both substances were found in high concentrations in kidney samples. On 4th day pm SDZ and TMP could not be quantified or detected in any tissue. On 7th day pm, both substances were found in quantifiable concentrations in 1 out of 4 kidney samples, while on 11th day pm, all observations were below the Limit of Quantification (LOQ) of the method. The results show that both substances deplete rapidly in all tissues. A withdrawal period of 5 days is justified for the commercial product OPTIPRIME® 40% premix in pigs
Η ενδομήτρια υπολειπόμενη αύξηση (ΕΥΑ) σχετίζεται με αυξημένο κίνδυνο προ-,περι- και μεταγεννητικής νοσηρότητας και θνησιμότητας. Το διαφοροποιημένοπροφίλ έκφρασης των πρωτεϊνών που σχετίζεται με ΕΥΑ, μπορεί να προσθέσειπληροφορίες αυτής της κατάστασης και να αποκαλύψει πιθανούς δείκτες τωνμεταγεννητικών επιπλοκών. Υποθέσαμε ότι η παρέμβαση στη διατροφή τουκυοφορούντος επίμυος κατά το τελευταίο τρίτο της κύησης θα μπορούσε ναεπηρεάσει την έκφραση σημαντικών πρωτεϊνών στους ΕΥΑ απογόνους. Για το λόγοαυτό θέλαμε να προσδιορίσουμε τις πρωτεΐνες, που παρουσιάζουν διαφοροποιημένηέκφραση, στον εγκέφαλο νεογέννητων επιμύων μεταξύ της παθολογικής (IUGR) καιφυσιολογικής κατάστασης.Κατά τον περιορισμό της διατροφής της μητέρας κατά 50% την τελευταία εβδομάδατης κύησης, διαπιστώθηκε ότι δεν παρατηρήθηκε στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά στομέσο όρο του μεγέθους της τοκετοομάδας μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων. Αντιθέτως, ομέσος όρος του σωματικού βάρους και του βάρους των εγκεφάλων της ομάδας ΕΥΑμειώθηκε στατιστικά σημαντικά σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα ελέγχου.Χρησιμοποιήθηκε ηλεκτροφόρηση δύο διαστάσεων σε πηκτή πολυακρυλαμιδίου (2-DE) και φασματομετρία μάζας, όπως επίσης και ανοσοαποτύπωση κατά Western σε24 ιστούς εγκεφάλου νεογνών επιμύων με ΕΥΑ και 24 ιστούς εγκεφάλουφυσιολογικών νεογνών επιμύων. Με τη χρήση του λογισμικού PDQuest v.8.0προσδιορίσαμε αρκετές πρωτεΐνες που είχαν διαφοροποιημένη έκφραση μεταξύ τωνδύο ομάδων. Οι πρωτεΐνες που εμπλέκονται στη νευρωνική ανάπτυξη Collapsinresponse mediator protein (CRMP-1, CRMP-2, CRMP-4, CRMP-5) βρέθηκανμειωμένες στην ομάδα ΕΥΑ. Διαφοροποιημένη έκφραση μεταξύ των δύο ομάδωνβρέθηκε για τις πρωτεΐνες που εμπλέκονται στο μεταβολισμό της ενέργειας (alphaenolase), στην οξειδωτική κατάσταση (peroxiredoxin-2, 14-3-3 protein epsilon και14-3-3 protein gamma), σε μοριακούς συνοδούς (calreticulin, heat shock 70 kDaprotein 4, heat shock protein HSP90-beta και T-complex protein 1 subunit beta) καιένζυμα (elongation factor 2 και pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2). Επιπλέον, ηέκφραση της alpha-fetoprotein, του Pre-mRNA-processing factor 19 και της fascinβρέθηκε μειωμένη στην ομάδα ΕΥΑ.Η διαφοροποιημένη έκφραση των πρωτεϊνών αντανακλά στον επιγενετικόπρογραμματισμό κατά τη νεογνική περίοδο ζωής και οι συγκεκριμένες πρωτεΐνεςμπορεί να εμπλέκονται στον εμβρυϊκό προγραμματισμό της ανάπτυξης τουεγκεφάλου σε ΕΥΑ.
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