The Cultural Heritage (CH) domain encompasses a wide range of different disciplines, serving the study, interpretation, curation, and preservation of objects, collections, archives, sites, and the dissemination of related knowledge. In this context, stakeholders generate, retrieve, and share a vast amount of diverse information. Therefore, information interoperability has been considered a crucial task, especially in terms of semantics. In this way, the CIDOC CRM (International Committee for Documentation Conceptual Reference Model) has been widely used as an underlying model that offers interoperability between CH domain metadata standards and ontologies. To the best of our knowledge, an overall review of mapping, merging, and extending this core ontology, as well as an aggregate table which classifies and correlates those ontologies and standards, has not yet been presented. Our study conducts an aggregate review of relevant published efforts and outlines the various associations between them, encapsulating the CIDOC CRM and its specialized models, as well. This work aims to further clarify the field and scope of the different works, identify their methods, and highlight the semantic overlap, or differences, between them.
@aegean Cultural Heritage Institutions (CHI) are increasingly aiming at enhancing their visitors' experiences in a personalised, immersive and engaging way. A personalised system for cultural heritage promotion potentially adapts, in terms of relevance, content and presentation according to the user's interests and needs. However, since a typical visit may be short and unrepeatable, the identification of user's profile must be quick and efficient, ensuring the successful respective personalisation process. Current paper discusses a methodology for cultural user personas extraction and identification. The CURE approach eliminates the requirement of explicit user input via registration or similar data acquisition methods and involves three main stages: data acquisition from the user's online and social activity, reasoning regarding persona similarity and finally data and experiences reuse from previous visits. Regarding the constructed personas, the proposed approach continuously adapts and refines the personas features from data gathered during multiple cultural experiences and accordingly creates, deletes or merges personas in case of significant deviation, poor correlation and convergence respectively.
Over the last decade, the Cultural Heritage (CH) domain has gradually adopted Semantic Web (SW) technologies for organizing information and for tackling interoperability issues. Several semantic models have been proposed which accommodate essential aspects of information management: retrieval, integration, reuse and sharing. In this context, the CH subdomain of Conservation and Restoration (CnR) exhibits an increasing interest in SW technologies, in an attempt to effectively handle the highly heterogeneous and often secluded CnR information. This paper investigates semantic models relevant to the CnR knowledge domain. The scope, development methodology and coverage of CnR aspects are described and discussed. Furthermore, the evaluation, deployment and current exploitation of each model are examined, with focus on the types and variety of services provided to support the CnR professional. Through this study, the following research questions are investigated: To what extent the various aspects of CnR are covered by existing CnR models? To what extent existing CnR models incorporate models of the broader CH domain and of relevant disciplines (e.g., Chemistry)? In what ways and to what extent services built upon the reviewed models facilitate CnR professionals in their various tasks? Finally, based on the findings, fields of interest that merit further investigation are suggested.
Open laboratories (OpenLabs) in Cultural Heritage institutions are an effective way to provide visibility into the behind-the-scenes processes and promote documentation data collected and produced by domain specialists. However, presenting these processes without proper explanation or communication with specialists may cause issues in terms of visitors’ understanding. To support OpenLabs and disseminate information, digital media and efficient data management can be utilized. The CAnTi (Conservation of Ancient Tiryns) project seeks to design and implement virtual and mixed reality applications that visualize conservation and restoration data, supporting OpenLab operations at the Acropolis of Ancient Tiryns. Semantic Web technologies will be used to model the digital content, facilitating organization and interoperability with external sources in the future. These applications will be part of the OpenLab activities on the site, enhancing visitors’ experiences and understanding of current and past conservation and restoration practices.
Preservation of Cultural Heritage (CH) collections in the best possible condition for the longest time possible is a crucial part of CH Institutions activity, since it ensures artefacts’ effective function in perpetuity. In this context, preservation processes that do not include any physical interaction with an object or collection can be regarded as preventive conservation. Preventive conservation measures and activities include among others the monitoring and management of environmental factors, in order to reduce potential risks of collections condition. The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) can help towards this goal by automating the collection of data through sensors deployed in the cultural space and providing available services based on the IoT ecosystem. IoT technologies can facilitate the preventive conservation of tangible CH by exploiting streaming data produced by networks of sensors that keep track of changes in environmental parameters of a particular museum, in order to monitor the condition of its collections. Moreover, Semantic Web (SW) technologies could increase the efficiency of sensed data management by introducing reasoning mechanisms that will result in useful inferences regarding the combination of long-term or short-term records of sensed data and material decay. This work summarizes current state-of-the-art frameworks and monitoring systems that collect data from sensors in CH environments and the use of semantic web technologies for the efficient management of conservation and sensor data. Based on this study, it proposes an IoT infrastructure with semantic tools, which aims to enhance preventive conservation science.
Data recordings of the movement of vehicles can be enriched with heterogeneous and multimodal data beyond latitude, longitude, and timestamp and enhanced with complementary segmentations, constituting a semantic trajectory. Semantic Web (SW) technologies have been extensively used for the semantic integration of heterogeneous and multimodal movement-related data, and for the effective modeling of semantic trajectories, in several domains. In this paper, we present an integrated solution for the engineering of cultural heritage semantic trajectories generated from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and represented as knowledge graphs (KGs). Particularly, this work is motivated by, and evaluated based on, the application domain of UAV missions for documenting regions/points of cultural heritage interest. In this context, this research work extends our previous work on UAV semantic trajectories, contributing (a) an updated methodology for the engineering of semantic trajectories as KGs (STaKG), (b) an implemented toolset for the management of KG-based semantic trajectories, (c) a refined ontology for the representation of knowledge related to UAV semantic trajectories and to cultural heritage documentation, and d) the application and evaluation of the proposed methodology, the developed toolset, and the ontology within the domain of UAV-based cultural heritage documentation. The evaluation of the integrated UAV solution was achieved by exploiting real datasets collected during three UAV missions to document sites of cultural interest in Lesvos, Greece, i.e., the UNESCO-protected petrified forest of Lesvos Petrified Forest/Geopark, the village of Vrissa, and University Hill.
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