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We report correlated two-electron ab initio calculations for the hydrogen molecule H 2 in interaction with intense ultrashort laser pulses, via a solution of the full three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Our results for ionization and excitation probabilities (at 800 and 400 nm) as a function of internuclear distance R show strong evidence of enhanced ionization, in both single and double ionization, as well as enhanced excitation, in single and double excitation, as the internuclear distance R increases from the equilibrium value R e . The enhancement of all these molecular processes exhibits a maximum at a critical distance R c , which can be predicted from simple electrostatic and recollision models.

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We study enhanced single and double ionizations and enhanced single and double excitations in the nonsymmetric two-electron diatomic molecular ion HeH(+) in an intense ultrashort laser pulse linearly polarized along the internuclear axis (z axis). We solve a three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation, TDSE, via correlated two-electron ab initio calculations within the fixed-nuclei approximation. A complex scaling method is used for calculation of both single and double ionizations. These nonperturbative processes increase with large internuclear distance R and reach a maximum at some critical distance R(c) and decrease by further increase of R. This enhanced ionization (EI) at R(c) is accompanied by enhanced single and double excitation processes. Furthermore, EI is stronger when the permanent dipole moment of the molecule and the electric field at the peak of the laser pulse are antiparallel than when they are parallel. We predict analytically the R(c) at which the enhancement of all these molecular processes happens in HeH(+) from a simple quasistatic model and investigate the effect of Carrier Envelope Phase on these nonlinear nonperturbative processes.

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Scientists should not forget that the rate of death as a result of cancer is far more than that of other diseases like influenza or coronavirus , so the research in this field is of cardinal significance. Therefore, a new and hydrophilic palladium(II) complex of the general formula [Pd(bpy)(proli-dtc)]NO 3 , in which bpy and proli-dtc are 2,2'-bipyridine and pyrroline dithiocarbamate ligands, respectively, was synthesized and characterized utilizing spectral and analytical procedures. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was also performed with B3LYP method in the gas phase. The DFT and spectral analysis specified that the Pd(II) atom is found in a square-planar geometry. HOMO/LUMO analysis, quantum chemical parameters and MEP surface of the complex were investigated to acquire an intuition about the nature of the compound. Partition coefficient and water solubility determination showed that both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity of the compound are more than cisplatin. The 50% inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) value was evaluated against K562 cancer cells, the obtained result has revealed a promising cytotoxic effect. DNA and BSA binding of the complex were explored through multi-spectroscopic (UV-Vis, fluorescence, FRET, and CD) and non-spectroscopic (gel electrophoresis, viscosity and docking simulation) techniques. The obtained findings demonstrated that the complex strongly interacts with CT-DNA by hydrophobic interactions and possesses medium interaction with BSA via hydrogen bond and van der Waals forces, thus BSA could efficiently carry out complex transportation. Furthermore, the results of docking simulation agree well with the experimental findings. In conclusion, the new Pd(II) complex has cytotoxic activity and could interact with DNA and BSA effectively.

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