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Operational forecasting of mesoscale weather systems in Hong Kong is supported by an automated nowcasting system called SWIRLS (Short-range Warning of Intense Rainstorms in Localised Systems

Situated along the coast of southern China and facing the South China Sea, Hong Kong has been experiencing a significant rise in sea level by about 2.9 mm year −1 since the 1950s. For a densely populated coastal city prone to storm surge impacts during the passages of tropical cyclones, accentuated by the threat of sea-level rise as a result of global warming and local vertical land displacement, projection of the sea-level change for Hong Kong is essential for local risk assessment and long-term planning of adaptation measures. This study presented the projection of sea-level change in Hong Kong and its adjacent waters under the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and 8.5 (RCP4.5 and RCP8.

Abstract). It also considers the effect of seawave drag in the roughness length. The proposed parameterization is applied to simulate an intense tropical cyclone Hagupit (0814). The impact of the new scheme on the tropical cyclone prediction is found in the increase of maximum surface wind speed and decrease of central pressure. Improvements in the forecasts of distribution of high wind areas and precipitation are obtained. This may help to improve the model predicted wind-pressure relationship for intense tropical cyclones.