Electronic commerce (E-commerce) is a technological innovation that enables small to medium enterprises (SMEs) to compete on the same level with their larger counterparts. And it has the potential to improve efficiency and productivity in many areas and, therefore, has received significant attention in many countries of the world. A thorough analysis of the impact of the internet and e-commerce across firms, industries and economies is necessary to separate hype from reality. However, several researchers have called for the investigation of the association between the perceptions of e-commerce and the barriers to its adoption in developing countries. It is however on record that SMEs the world over are faced with significant challenges that compromise their ability to function and to contribute optimally to the respective economies where they operate. This study was conducted in three states of Nigeria (Lagos, Abuja and Enugu states) with the use of interviews to gather relevant data; the aim of which was to understand the challenges which serve as barriers to E-Commerce adoption by small and medium scale enterprises in the Nigerian context. Findings indicates that small and medium scale online present is at best unknown. The most common e-Commerce applications used by most SMEs include but not limited to the use of e-mails for communication purposes and a simple website for basic product information – information contained are usually outdated as most of these websites are hardly updated. Findings revealed, among others, that lack of and total absence of a regulatory framework on e-Commerce security, as well as technical skills, and basic infrastructures are some of the barriers to electronic commerce adoption. The findings however, provide a constructive insight to financial practitioners, governments as well as other stakeholders on the need to give e-commerce a place in all aspects of e-commerce activities.

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Entrepreneurs all over the world seek ways of introducing their products to international markets; unfortunately, the international marketing environment poses a lot of opportunities and threats to foreign entrants. The cultural, political, and technological environments act as determinant factors in entrepreneurial success in global markets. This study aims to unravel the effects of these international marketing environments on entrepreneurial developments. The study being descriptive and historical relied heavily on secondary sources of information. Analysis revealed that the PESTEL and other human factors have significant impacts on business transactions. Furthermore, the political systems and governmental regulations on business dealings have a lot to do with entrepreneurial success in the international arenas. The study recommends the establishment of a supportive governmental framework to serve as a platform for the willing entrepreneurs to succeed in the international markets.

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of announced financial news via the Public Disclosure Platform on the BIST -30 traded companies' stock performances. The study will also investigate whether the market is semistrong form efficient. For the data analysis event study is used. As a result of calculations, it is determined that investors mostly react to the ratings by ratings agencies and debt news at the day of event. It shows that existence of abnormal returns before disclosure, market is not efficient at semi-efficient form in terms of market efficiency. Besides, all average cumulative abnormal returns are positive and statistically significant and this can be taken as a suspicion of insider trading. JEL Sınıflandırması G11,G14,G17 ÖZETÇalışmanın amacı, BİST-30'da işlem gören şirketlerce Kamuyu Aydınlatma Platformu aracılığı ile duyurulan finansal içerikli haberlerin hisse performansına etkisini incelemektir. İlave olarak; söz konusu etki üzerinden piyasanın yarı kuvvetli formda etkin olup olmadığını ortaya koymak çalışmanın diğer bir hedefidir. Olay çalışması yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan analiz ile yatırımcıların olay günü finansal içerik taşıyan haberlerden en çok derecelendirme kuruluşlarınca verilen finansal notlara ve borçlanma haberlerine tepki verdiği belirlenmiştir. Haber açıklama öncesi aşırı getirilerin varlığı piyasanın etkinliği açısından piyasanın yarı kuvvetli formda etkin olmadığını göstermektedir. İlave olarak; ortalama kümülatif aşırı getirilerin pozitif ve istatistiki olarak anlamlı olması, haberler öncesinde insider trading şüphesi uyandırmaktadır.

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