The article deals with issues of monitoring, planning, organizational and technical support, economic regulation and improving the efficiency of the infrastructure for processing, recycling and disposal of waste, resource conservation and management of secondary resources, their use as secondary raw materials for production, services, work and power generation. The Russian Federation has significant potential for economic growth due to the efficient use of secondary resources from billions of tons of generated production and consumption waste annually. These ecologically unsafe anthropogenic objects can be characterized as a source of valuable renewable raw materials, material and fuel and energy resources. However, the scale and level of use of various types of secondary resources are characterized by considerable unevenness and depend on the demand for secondary raw materials, the resource value of the waste, the environmental situation arising from treating them as environmental polluters, on the real economic conditions that determine the profitability of each specific type. economic activities that use secondary resources for the manufacture of products, works, services, energy production. The methods of monitoring the industry for the treatment, disposal and disposal of waste are: information-analytical, information-statistical, sociological, geo-information. The legal status of the monitoring system of the industry for the treatment, disposal and disposal of waste is determined by the limitations of its functionality within the framework of the goals and objectives facing it.
In the collective authors’ work, based on the analysis and generalizing of published scientific researches, regulatory and technical documentation and legal acts in the field of waste management and environmental protection, was undertaken an attempt to develop, on a single methodical basis, a set of consolidated resource-saving and environmental indicators characterized the process of prevention environmental hazard caused by anthropogenic influence of waste generated in construction and urban economy.The main purpose of the research is to form theoretical foundations, develop methods for a complex assessment of the environmental hazard of solid urban and construction waste, generated in the process of repair and construction, dismantling works, maintenance of the buildings, exploitation of engineering systems and technical means of buildings and urban services in the life support system of municipalities and regions, in order to ensure protection of the environment and humans from the anthropogenic influence of waste, creating favorable conditions for life of the humanity.In the research was realized scientific and practical tasks: was formulated a hierarchy of priorities for the state of environmental safety; was highlighted the main factors of the environmental hazard of waste of the economy; was developed a mathematical model for an integrated assessment, management (rationing, regulation) of the level of environmental hazard of waste; interconnection and consolidation of environmental and resource-saving indicators was carried out on a uniform information and analytical platform for a comprehensive assessment of environmentally safe waste management. The results of the research can be used in the investigation and engineering work related to the assessment of the anthropogenic impact of waste on the environment, planning measures to prevent it.
The present study is focused on the potential to reduce economic losses due to waste products generated in the utility and construction complex. The scientific research approach is based on the application of comparative, contrastive, quantitative and expert analysis methods. Domestic and foreign studies on the application of secondary resources in a closed economic cycle, as well as environmental safety require-ments at all stages of the secondary resource treatment, are analysed and systematised. The results of the authors’ own research in the field of assessment and analysis of the waste resource potential are presented. According to the obtained results, a low level of resource saving in the construction and utility sector is indi-cated due to the impossibility of characterising technological processes of these areas as non-waste or low-waste. A classification of secondary resources from the processed waste generated in the considered areas of economic activity is presented. The majority of waste materials from construction, repair, demolition and maintenance of immovable property isshown to be applicable for reuse in the production and economic cycle for both finished and semi-finished products. A set of organisational and technical measures, aimed at the reduction ofhazardous properties for such wastes and expansion of their further use in the form of secondary resources, is defined and substantiated. The organisational and technical measures presented in the study contribute to ensuring environmental protection from the negative impacts of industrial activity in the form of anthropogenic objects, such as construction and utility waste facilities, as well as to expanding the applica-tion of their resource potential.
In this work, a theoretical basis for a comprehensive assessment of the environmental hazard of wastes, which are formed during the functioning of critical infrastructure in residential territories, is de-veloped. In addition, a resource-saving (resource-recovering) system is proposed for ensuring the protection of natural environment and vitally important human interests from the anthropogenic impact of wastes, thus creating favourable conditions for the vital activity of a population. The study was con-ducted using mathematical methods, such as mathematical logic and vector algebra, for assessing the system of an ecologically safe critical infrastructure of populated areas. It is argued that the formation of a resource-saving system, which does not include wastes as its constituent element, provides the integrity of a closed material-raw cycle. Moreover, such a system reduces the formation of waste mate-rial masses (sources of environmental hazard) as a quantitative result of the system to zero. It is shown that environmental hazards in residential areas can be prevented in those places, where a system of processing construction and other products at the last life cycle stage as secondary resources is im-plemented and no hazardous wastes are forwarded for disposal in the natural environment. The ob-tained results can be used when assessing the environmental safety of concepts, strategies, pro-grammes and projects at federal, regional and sectoral levels in the field of resource saving, waste and secondary resources management, as well as for ensuring the environmental safety of residential are-as.
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