PurposeResearchers have long been interested in the process of how networking firms share knowledge, what mechanisms firms use to govern knowledge sharing, and what the consequences are for the sharing firms. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to answer these questions from a social network perspective.Design/methodology/approachQualitative method is employed to facilitate deeper understanding of soft variables and key relationships for discovering and mapping non‐formal business practices. The sampling strategy is based on relevance rather than representativeness; data analysis and theoretical analysis stresses an iterative process of theoretical sampling, comparing, and contrasting of samples to build theoretical categories.FindingsThe principal findings highlight how social capital, especially trust‐based‐ties, develops in inter‐firm interaction process, accelerates knowledge flow, and acts as an informal governance mechanism between firms. Weak ties help firms to build initial relationships and strong ties help firms to acquire higher‐quality and fine‐grained knowledge.Research limitations/implicationsThe analysis rests on qualitative studies in a single industry. The paper trades generalizability for richness, thus potentially risking producing theories that are idiosyncratic and not generalizable to the entire population. Longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are encouraged to develop more precise propositions or hypotheses for testing.Practical implicationsThe identification of the process through which social capital facilitates knowledge flow and consequently innovation enhances the understanding of firms' strategic behavior, and provides managers possible guidelines on how to accumulate social capital in interfirm dynamic interaction to gain competitive advantage.Originality/valueThe paper delineates the strategic roles of social capital in facilitating knowledge flow between firms and further contributes to emerging literature by demonstrating the process of social capital development and its impact on innovation and performance.
The Center for High Performance Computing (HPC@UNM) provides a focus for high performance computing and communication at the University of New Mexico (UNM). HPC@UNM is committed to innovative research in computational and computer science with emphasis on both algorithm development and application. As part of this commitment, HPC@UNM sponsors this technical report series. The technical reports are subject to internal review by HPC@UNM. However, the material, as presented, does not necessarily reflect any position of HPC@UNM. Further, neither UNM, nor the HPC, makes any warranty or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information contained in this report. Abstract Conservation of linear and angular momenta, and conservation of energy are examined for the material-point method (MPM). It is shown that MPM can be formulated with implicit energy and momentum conserving mesh dynamics for hyperelastic materials. With a consistent mass matrix the resulting overall numerical method preserves the conservative properties of the mesh solution. Energy dissipation and angular momentum errors are also quantified for a lumped mass formulation. Properties of the method are illustrated in numerical examples.
ALEGRA is an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (multiphysics) computer code developed at Sandia National Laboratories since 1990. The code contains a variety of physics options including magnetics, radiation, and multimaterial flow. The code has been developed for nearly two decades, but recent work has dramatically improved the code's accuracy and robustness. These improvements include techniques applied to the basic Lagrangian differencing, artificial viscosity and the remap step of the method including an important improvement in the basic conservation of energy in the scheme. We will discuss the various algorithmic improvements and their impact on the results for important applications. Included in these applications are magnetic implosions, ceramic fracture modeling, and electromagnetic launch.
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