Prior knowledge about the physiological behavior of seeds under storage conditions allows the use of appropriate techniques to maintain viability. The goal of the present study was to classify the behavior of Simarouba amara seeds regarding their physiological potential during storage. The seeds were obtained from mature fruits, collected from five parent plants located at the Joanes-Ipitanga Environmental Protection Area (EPA) (Simões Filho, Bahia) in January 2018. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design. In the first one, seed desiccation tolerance was evaluated with seven moisture contents: 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, 25% and 35.6% (initial moisture). A germination test was carried out to evaluate the seeds’ vigor. In the second experiment, the seeds were stored with moisture contents of 7.5%, 12.5% and 35.6% at temperatures of 8 °C, 15 °C and 20 °C) for two storage periods, two and four months, and samples were taken to determine moisture content and conduct the germination test. Germination tests were performed in BOD chambers at 30 °C and with 12-hour light photoperiod. Daily counts were performed for the number of germinated seeds. We measured germination percentage, mean germination time, uncertainty index, percentage of normal seedlings, and percentage of unviable seeds. Simarouba amara seeds tolerate desiccation up to 7.5% moisture content, but lost viability when stored under this condition. At four months of storage all seeds lost viability. Simarouba amara seeds are recalcitrant and lose viability before reaching two months of storage.
Os testes de germinação são ferramentas indispensáveis na caracterização de lotes de sementes. Entretanto, não há prescrição para condução do teste de germinação para sementes de Parapiptadenia blanchetii (Benth.). As informações a respeito da espécie são limitadas a taxonomia e área de distribuição. O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a duração do teste de germinação para sementes de P. blanchetii, com emprego de regressão segmentada. O experimento foi conduzido nas temperaturas de 20, 25, 30 e 35 °C, e quatro repetições de 25 sementes. A curva de germinação foi ajustada por modelos de regressão response-platô: linear segmentado com platô (MPL) e o quadrático segmentado com platô (MPQ). Para a germinação, o MPQ apresentou o melhor ajuste a 20 °C e 25 °C. No entanto, nas temperaturas de 30 °C e 35 °C o desempenho dos dois modelos foi semelhante. Para a formação de plântulas normais o melhor ajuste dos dados foi no MPQ nas temperaturas de 25 °C e 30 °C, nas demais temperaturas o MPL apresentou melhor desempenho. A duração dos testes de germinação depende do critério de germinação e da temperatura. Para os testes de germinação, realizados em temperaturas de 30 °C ou 35 °C, ao adotar a protrusão radicular como critério de germinação, recomenda-se única contagem no quarto dia após a semeadura. Para avaliar a formação de plântulas normais, sugere-se primeira e segunda contagem, aos seis e nove dias.
Defining the cardinal temperatures for germination in the scenario of climate change with prediction of an increased terrestrial temperature plays an important role in conserving plant resources. This study aimed to define the cardinal temperatures, the time of conducting germination tests, and to apply the thermal time model for seeds of Diospyros inconstans. Thermal screening was carried out, based on germination tests performed in BOD chambers, at constant temperatures of 10, 20, 25, 30 and 40 °C, under a photoperiod of 12 hours/light. The cardinal temperatures for germination of D. inconstans seeds are 26.7 °C (optimal temperature), 13.8 °C (minimum temperature) and 37.7 °C (maximum temperature). Germination tests for the species can be conducted at optimum temperature, lasting 26 days for radicle emission and 63 days for formation of normal seedlings.
Classifying seeds in terms of desiccation tolerance is the first step in determining the potential and most appropriate conditions for storage. This study aimed to characterize the tolerance to desiccation of Diospyros inconstans seeds from fruits at different maturity stages. Germination tests were performed in a 3 x 6 factorial scheme, with seeds from fruits at three maturity stages (unripe, intermediate and ripe) and six moisture contents (initial, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5% and 2.5%). Accumulated germination was analyzed by the nonlinear models Gompertz and Logistic. The percentages of normal seedlings and unviable seeds were subjected to analyses of variance and regression. Diospyros inconstans seeds are tolerant to desiccation. The tolerance is higher in seeds from fruit with intermediate maturation than unripe and ripe fruits.
The maintenance of seed viability during storage is influenced by several factors related to the species and to the environment. This work aimed to determine the viability of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia seeds from unripe and ripe fruits stored at different temperatures (ambient, 10 ºC, 0 ºC and -21 ºC). For this, the germination performance of the seeds was evaluated at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months of storage. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replicates of 25 seeds per treatment. The variables evaluated were: number of germinated seeds, number of hard seeds, number of unviable seeds and number of normal seedlings. The storage potential of M. caesalpiniifolia seeds depends on the fruit maturity stage. Seeds from unripe fruits without drying do not tolerate storage. Seeds from unripe fruits with drying at 15% water content maintain viability, for 12 months, when stored at a temperature of 10 °C. Seeds from ripe fruits without drying maintain viability, for 12 months, when stored at temperatures of 0 °C and 10 °C.
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