Defining the cardinal temperatures for germination in the scenario of climate change with prediction of an increased terrestrial temperature plays an important role in conserving plant resources. This study aimed to define the cardinal temperatures, the time of conducting germination tests, and to apply the thermal time model for seeds of Diospyros inconstans. Thermal screening was carried out, based on germination tests performed in BOD chambers, at constant temperatures of 10, 20, 25, 30 and 40 °C, under a photoperiod of 12 hours/light. The cardinal temperatures for germination of D. inconstans seeds are 26.7 °C (optimal temperature), 13.8 °C (minimum temperature) and 37.7 °C (maximum temperature). Germination tests for the species can be conducted at optimum temperature, lasting 26 days for radicle emission and 63 days for formation of normal seedlings.
Classifying seeds in terms of desiccation tolerance is the first step in determining the potential and most appropriate conditions for storage. This study aimed to characterize the tolerance to desiccation of Diospyros inconstans seeds from fruits at different maturity stages. Germination tests were performed in a 3 x 6 factorial scheme, with seeds from fruits at three maturity stages (unripe, intermediate and ripe) and six moisture contents (initial, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5% and 2.5%). Accumulated germination was analyzed by the nonlinear models Gompertz and Logistic. The percentages of normal seedlings and unviable seeds were subjected to analyses of variance and regression. Diospyros inconstans seeds are tolerant to desiccation. The tolerance is higher in seeds from fruit with intermediate maturation than unripe and ripe fruits.
O objetivo neste trabalho foi caracterizar biometricamente os frutos e as sementes de Astrocasia jacobinensis (Müll.Arg.), avaliar o potencial germinativo em função da cor do fruto e definir a temperatura ideal para testes de germinação. Os frutos foram colhidos de 4 árvores matrizes na Área de Proteção Ambiental do Lago de Pedra do Cavalo, BA, sendo usados para a instalação de dois experimentos. No primeiro foi avaliado o comportamento germinativo em função da cor dos frutos (verdes ou marrons) utilizando-se quatro repetições. No segundo testou-se a temperatura ótima de germinação, com testes conduzidos sob temperaturas constantes (15, 25, 30, 35 °C) e alternadas (25-30 e 15-30 °C), utilizando-se quatro repetições por tratamento. As avaliações para ambos os experimentos foram realizadas diariamente. Os frutos apresentavam dimensões médias de 7,5 mm de comprimento e 9,6 mm de diâmetro. As sementes eram circulares, com diâmetro médio de 3,52 mm. Os frutos verdes apresentaram sementes com melhor potencial germinativo. Testes de germinação de A. jacobinensis devem ser conduzidos sob temperatura entre 25 oC a 30 °C.
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