Given the increase in the production, commercialization andconsumption of fruit pulp in southwest Piauí state (PI), Brazil, research is needed to gain information on the composition of products already on the market. As such, this study aimed to assess the quality of fruit pulp based on standards established by current legislation. The pulps studied were acerola, cajá, cupuaçu, guava and passion fruit, which were thawed and homogenized. The samples were stored with three replications and the following assessed: total soluble solids (TSS), tritratable acidity (TA), pH and total vitamin C. The TSS (°Brix) and TA (% citric acid) values in acerola, cajá, cupuaçu, guava and passion fruit pulps were 5.20º and 1.02%, 3.20º and 0.86%, 13.24º and 2.42%, 4.80° and 0.64% and 6.20º and 2.41%, respectively. The pH values of acerola (3.00) and cupuaçu (3.02) pulps were in line with legislation (Ordinance 58, of August 30, 2016), whereas cajá (2.05), guava (2.72) and passion fruit (2.72) were below the established limit. With respect to vitamin C, acerola (1015.42 mg per 100 g), cajá (49.60 mg per 100 g), guava (29.0 mg per 100 g) and passion fruit (22.25 mg per 100 g) were in accordance with legislation, where as cupuaçu was below the legally stipulated content (11.68 mg per 100 g). All the pulps studied had at least one characteristic that did not meet the minimum legal requirement, which can be resolved by adopting good manufacturing practices that comply with legislation.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o conhecimento sobre tema solo com alunos do ensino fundamental, realizar uma ação de extensão através projeto intitulado Educação em solos no Maciço de Baturité e avaliar o progresso dos estudantes a respeito do tema solo após a atividade. O trabalho foi realizado com alunos do 4ºano da escola da rede pública de ensino Edmilson Barros de Oliveira, localizada no Município de Redenção, Estado do Ceará. A atividade consistiu em uma parte teórica, onde foram trabalhados temas relacionados ao solo como a importância do solo, formação do solo, seus constituintes e suas características e as ações que levam a degradação do solo. Para melhor compreensão dos alunos, trabalhou-se também com experimentos de infiltração de água no solo, montagem de perfil do solo, sequência de formação do solo e erosão do solo. Os alunos foram avaliados antes e após a atividade por meio de utilização de questionários, com cinco questões. Os resultados demonstraram que antes da atividade os alunos tinham uma visão muito básica do solo, com problemas em identificar a sua importância, seus constituintes e sua formação. Após a atividade, verificou-se que os alunos aumentaram o nível de conhecimento em relação aos assuntos tratados. A utilização da experimentação foi fundamental para participação dos alunos e no entendimento do que foi falado. Com isso, pode-se concluir que a educação em solos com a sua proposta metodológica, principalmente prática contribui para melhoria do ensino de solos nas escolas.
RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto do uso da água de diferentes salinidades sobre as alterações químicas de um Argissolo vermelho Amarelo cultivado com plantas de milho. O estudo foi conduzido em campo, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2017, na Fazenda experimental da Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), Redenção-CE. O delineamento utilizado foi blocos ao acaso, com cinco níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (1,0; 2,0; 3,0; 4,0 e 5,0 dS m -1 ), quatro repetições cada. Aos 110 dias após o plantio foram coletadas amostras simples de solo, de cada unidade experimental e foram avaliadas a condutividade elétrica do solo, pH da solução do solo, teores de cálcio, magnésio, potássio, sódio e percentagem de sódio trocável. A concentração dos sais da água de irrigação em níveis crescentes até 5 dS m -1 reduziu os teores de cálcio e potássio da solução do solo, porém aumentou a salinidade, o teor de sódio e percentagem do sódio trocável do solo. O teor de magnésio e o pH da solução do solo não foram influenciados pelo aumento da salinidade da água até a condutividade elétrica de 5 dS m -1 . Palavras-chave: zea mays, estresse salino, condutividade elétrica CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF SOIL IN CULTIVATED AREA WITH MAIZE UNDER IRRIGATION WITH SALINE WATER ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the water use of different salinities on the chemical alterations of a Red Yellow Argisol cultivated with corn plants.
One of the strategies for the recovery of degraded soils is the planting of fast-growing forage species with high biomass production. In this sense, the objective of this research was to evaluate the initial growth of sorghum in degraded soils with organic fertilization and different phosphorus levels. A completely randomized design with a 4 x 3 x 2 factorial arrangement was used, with four soil types, three levels of phosphorus fertilization and two levels of organic fertilization. At 64 days after sowing the characteristics of the initial growth were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and fresh shoot mass. The height was measured by measuring the neck of the plant until the end of the newest fully expanded leaf, measured with the aid of a measuring tape and expressed in centimeters. The diameter of the stem, by means of a digital pachymeter. The application of phosphorus and organic matter in degraded soils is necessary for the initial development of sorghum plants, due to the low availability of this element, caused by the high adsorption of P in the soil colloids. Besides that, the lack of organic matter in the studied soils led to a decrease in the growth of sorghum, therefore, it is concluded that soil management in saline environments is necessary for the application of phosphorus and organic matter for a sustainable and technically viable production.
In commercial bananas there is an increasing increase for seedlings of high genetic quality and free of pathogens; thus, the use of micropropagation has been increasingly encouraged for the production of seedlings. However, the success of establishing these seedlings in the environment depends on several factors, in which, the substrate has a relevant role. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of micropropagated banana seedlings under the influence of different formulations of substrates based on soil, bovine manure and vegetable ash for organic production system. The experiment was carried out on a certified rural property under an organic production system in the municipality of Palmácia (CE). The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replications. The substrates were used in a ratio of 2:1, always two parts of soil for one of substrate, which was used: soil (ravine soil), organic compost (bovine manure + vegetal remains), bovine manure and vegetable ash (from sugar cane mill). The test was conducted in full sun and without the aid of irrigation, as the experiment coincided with the rainy season in the region. At 68 days after planting (DAP), growth analyzes were carried out: plant height, diameter of the pseudostem, number of leaves, length of roots, fresh and dry mass of aerial part and roots. The best substrates for the growth of micropropagated banana seedlings cv. Prata Catarina were mixtures of soil + organic compost and soil + manure.
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