RESUMO.-Tumores mamários são comuns em cães, e constituem o neoplasma mais frequente em cadelas. Este estudo tem como objetivos principais estabelecer a prevalência dos tumores mamários, e dos diferentes tipos histológicos (neoplásicos e não-neoplásicos), diagnosticados em cães no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária Data about breed, gender, and age of dogs, tumor localization, morphologic diagnosis, and metastasis occurrence were analyzed. In the biopsy cases, 1,495 tumors were diagnosed, considering the presence of more than one type of tumor in some of the dogs. From those, 1,465 were neoplastic and 30 were non-neoplastic. Within the neoplasms, 390 (26.6%) were benign and 1,075 (73.3%) were malignant. The benign/ malignant ratio was 1:2.75. During the years 2000-2008, 1,125 necropsies of dogs were performed, 132 (11.64%) of which with mammary gland tumors. There were 152 morphologic diagnoses, being 150 of neoplastic and two of non-neoplastic lesions. Simple carcinoma was the most prevalent histologic type, both among biopsy and necropsy cases. On necropsy cases, metastases to lymph nodes and distant organs were seen in 39 (29.5%) and 64 (53,3%) cases, respectively.INDEX TERMS: Diseases of dogs, pathology, oncology, mammary gland tumors.

Pesq. Vet. Bras. 29(8):673-679, agosto 2009 RESUMO.-Através de um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de biópsias e necropsias de cães recebidos no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, constatou-se a ocorrência de dois casos confirmados e de quatro casos suspeitos de pitiose gastrintestinal canina. Os dois casos diagnosticados e publicados tiveram a etiologia confirmada através da cultura e indução de zoosporogênese ou por nested-PCR. Neste estudo utilizou-se a técnica de imuno-histoquímica com anticorpo policlonal anti-Pythium insidiosum para confirmação da etiologia dos quatro casos suspeitos. A epidemiologia, sinais clínicos, lesões macroscópicas e microscópicas, características histoquímicas e imunohistoquímicas e diagnósticos diferenciais são relatados e discutidos.TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Pitiose, Pythium insidiosum, doenças de cães, doenças gastrintestinais, doenças granulomatosas, imuno-histoquímica, patologia. INTRODUÇÃOPitiose canina é uma doença granulomatosa progressiva causada por Pythium insidiosum, um microrganismo aquático pertencente ao Reino Straminipila (Mendoza et al. 2005), Classe Oomycetes, Ordem Pythiales, Família Pythiaceae e Gênero Pythium (Grooters 2003). O Gêne-ro Pythium compreende organismos que habitam a água e o solo úmido de regiões tropicais e subtropicais do mundo (Mendoza et al. 1996, Supabandhu et al. 2007). Há mais de 120 espécies de Pythium conhecidas, várias delas associadas a doenças em plantas de importância econômica (Alexopoulos et al. 1996). Entretanto, P. insidiosum é a única espécie responsável por doença em mamí-feros (Alexopoulos et al. 1996, Rivierre et al. 2005, Krajaejun et al. 2006.Para manter seu ciclo, P. insidiosum necessita de água com baixa concentração de íons, pH próximo à neutralidade, temperatura elevada (entre 30° e 40°C) e alguma espécie de planta hospedeira (Chaffin et al. 1995, Mendoza et al. 1996. Zoósporos móveis biflagelados são as estru-

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 33(3):353-358, março 2013 353 RESUMO.-Este estudo teve como objetivos determinar os tumores mais prevalentes em gatos e relacionar os tumores mamários a alguns de seus fatores prognósticos. Os arquivos do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) foram revisados e um total de 1.427 protocolos de biopsias e necropsias de felinos, entre 2000 e 2011, foi encontrado. Com base nas informações dos arquivos, foi estabelecida a relação entre os tumores e alguns fatores como sexo, idade, raça, estado reprodutivo, uso de contraceptivos, número e localização das glândulas afetadas, ulcerações, tamanho do neoplasma, metástases distantes e para os linfonodos. Assim, ob- This study aimed to determine the most prevalent mammary tumors in cats and associate them to some prognostic factors. The files from the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) were reviewed, and 1.427 feline biopsies and autopsy protocols between the years 2000 and 2011 were found. Based on the information retrieved from the files, a relationship was established among the tumors and some prognostic factors such as sex, age, breed, reproductive status, use of contraceptives, number and location of affected glands, ulcers, size of the neoplasm, distant metastases, and affected lymph nodes. Thus, it was observed that mammary cancer is the second most prevalent diagnosis, following skin tumors. All cats with mammary tumors were female, being the elderly and mixed breed the most affected. Malignant neoplasms were the most frequently diagnosed, followed by non-neoplastic tumors, and benign neoplasms. Smaller tumors were mostly carcinomas. Ulcerations were present not only in malignant neoplasms but also in non-neoplastic changes. Distant metastases were found mainly to the lungs and skin. servou-se que os tumores de mama foram o segundo diagnóstico mais prevalente, após os tumores de pele. Todos os gatos com tumores mamários eram fêmeas, sendo os sem raça definida e os idosos os mais afetados. Os neoplasmas malignos foram diagnosticados com maior frequência, seguidos pelos tumores não neoplásicos e pelos neoplasmas benignos. Os tumores menores eram, na sua maioria, carcinomas. Ulcerações estavam presentes não só em neoplasmas malignos, mas também em alterações não neoplásicas. Metástases distantes foram encontradas principalmente nos pulmões e na pele. TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Glândula mamária, neoplasias mamá-rias, tumores em felinos.

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Bovine papillomavirus type-4 (BPV-4) is responsible for the development of papillomas in the upper digestive tract (UDT) of cattle. The necessary steps for the development, growth and regression of papillomas are intimately related with the immunological status of the animal. The consumption of bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) has been pointed out as the major factor involved in the persistence of BPV-4 infection of the UDT. The theory involving the relationship between alimentary papillomas and the formation of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) suggests the persistence of alimentary papillomatosis through a chronic immunosupressive lymphopenic state induced by bracken fern. The papillomas would serve then as a development site of SCCs through the interaction of BPV-4 oncoproteins and bracken carcinogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between lymphopenia and alimentary papillomatosis in spontaneous cases of chronic bracken fern poisoning of cattle. The age, intensity of papillomatosis and the leukon were evaluated of 40 cattle with SCCs of the UDT. Three animals had leukopenia and one had neutrophilia. The mean lymphocyte count (and standart deviation) of mild, moderate and severe papillomatosis was 5,395(±1,696)/mm 3 , 4,560(±1,561)/mm 3 and 5,007(±1,786)/mm 3 , respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the intensity of alimentary papillomasis, age and the lymphocyte count. Immunosupression by lymphopenia was a sporadic finding (three cases) in the present study. The results demonstrate that the persistence of alimentary papilomatosis in spontaneous cases of bracken fern-related SCCs of the UDT is not related to lymphopenia and it may be related to other immunological factors.INDEX TERMS: Poisonous plant, Pteridium aquilinum, papillomatosis, bovine papillomavirus type 4, plant poisoning, diseases of cattle.

Spontaneous cases of chronic poisoning by Pteridium aquilinum in cattle were studied. The clinical forms of the disease were squamous cell carcinoma (SCCs) of the upper digestive tract (UDT) and bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH). The cases were from the midland Region of the Midwest of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, and were submitted to the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Clinical signs and blood work were evaluated at terminal phase of disease. Cattle with UDT SCCs had progressive weigth loss, ruminal atony, cough, dysphagia, bloating, and regurgitation. In cattle with BEH, hematuria was observed in all cases, followed by progressive weight loss. Non-regenerative anemia was detected in 33.33% of the cattle with UDT SCCs form and in 66.66% of the cattle with BEH form. Changes in white blood count occurred in some cases but drop in lymphocyte numbers was uncommon in both forms of disease. For the morphological study, urinary bladders from 46 cattle with UDT SCCs and 11 cattle with BEH were analyzed. Grossly, 16/46 bladders from the UDT SCCs form had gross lesions (red or pale vesical nodules, hemorrhages, and papilomas; red urine was detected at necropsy of only three cases). In BEH form, the bladder had nodules, large neoplastic masses, red urine, papilomas, and hemorrhages. Pyelonephritis and hydronephrosis were seen in a few cases. Microscopically, in the UDT SCCs form, 44/46 (95.65%) bladders had 22 different types of morphological changes, characterized by neoplastic lesions (5/22) and non-neoplastic lesions (17/22); the latter were subdivided in non-neoplastic epithelial changes (6/17), general changes of the lamina propria (6/ 17), and inflammatory changes (5/17). The bladder changes in BEH form were of 19 different types, characterized by neoplastic lesions (5/19) and non-neoplastic lesions (14/19), which were subdivided in non-neoplastic epitelial changes (9/14), general changes of the lamina propria (3/14), and inflammatory changes (2/14). In BEH, mesenchymal neoplasms were more observed than epithelial ones, and most of them were malignant.