Este trabalho procurou identificar como os atores sociais vinculados à agricultura familiar (lideranças de produtores familiares, profissionais de ciências agrárias, autoridades municipais, pesquisadores e professores universitários) interpretam o papel do Estado para o desenvolvimento dessa categoria na região sul de Minas Gerais. Com relação à coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica "focused interview". Os entrevistados foram seledonados pelo método não-probabilístico de amostragem por julgamento. Os resultados revelaram que a interpretação feita pelos entrevistados aproxima-se mais da perspectiva do Estado patrimonialistaburocrático autoritário, tendo em vista que os depoimentos dos entrevistados corroboram com a reprodução das relações de dependência dos agricultores familiares em relação ao Estado. Por outro lado, alguns atores reconhecem a necessidade de mecanismos que incentivem a participação social, no entanto, salientaram que a mobilização dos produtores familiares na região ainda é incipiente e desarticulada. This paper aims to identify how the social individuals linked to family agriculture (leadership of familiar producers, professionals of agrarian sciences, town authorities, researchers and university professors) play the role of the State for the development of this category in the South Region of Minas Gerais. ln relation to the data collection, the technique called "focused interview" was used. The interviewees wcre selected by the non probabilistic sampling by judgement method. The results revealed that the interpretation done by the interviewees is closest to the patrimonialistic, bureaucratic and authoritative State's perspective, as the statements suggest a bigger State's intervention. On the other side, some individuals recognize the necessity of the mechanisms that encourage social participation, although mentioning that the familiar producers' mobilization in the region is still incipient and inarticulate
O trabalho procura discorrer sobre alguns aspectos transversais na análise de política pública sob aperspectiva do modelo processual (ciclo de política pública), tais como: instituições, fragmentação,descentralização, participação, saber técnico e saber local. O modelo processual é enfocado não apenas comouma sistematização de fases administrativas (formulação, implementação e avaliação), mas considerados aspectosde diferentes naturezas. Portanto, este trabalho propõe que o modelo processual seja compreendido como umaconstrução social, na qual as políticas emergem de um processo interativo entre Estado e Sociedade. Além disso,rompe-se com a ideia de que a análise de políticas públicas abrange apenas preceitos da perspectivatecnoburocrática, mas, sobretudo, instiga iniciativas de formação da esfera pública e emancipação social, servindocomo referência para a gestão social de políticas públicas.
Objectives: Pharmaceutical reimbursement in Ireland is governed by agreements between the pharmaceutical representative organisation, the Irish Pharmaceutical Healthcare Association (IPHA), and the state-run Health Service Executive (HSE). The current agreement runs from 2016 to 2020 [IPHA/HSE Framework Agreement on the Supply and Pricing of Medicines]. We explored the effects of two previously completed agreements (commenced 2006 and 2012) on health technology assessment (HTA) submissions in Ireland. MethOds: A descriptive analysis was conducted, using publicly available information on HTA submissions since 2009, when the National Centre for Pharmacoeconomics (NCPE) introduced a rapid review (RR) process. A full HTA submission may be requested following RR. A total of 289 RR submissions were made during the period 2009 -2016 [2009 to 2012 (A1) and 2012 to 2016 (A2)]. Submissions were examined to identify assessment process patterns, disease areas and sponsor IPHA membership. Results: The number of RR requests available for analysis increased between agreements (A1: n= 93; A2: n= 193). The rate of requests for full HTA following RR submission increased (A1: 56%; A2: 62%). A reduction in the rate of HTAs submitted following request was observed (A1: 79%; A2: 60%). Applications where a HTA was requested, but not submitted, and ultimately lead to reimbursement occurred with increasing frequency in the A2 period compared to A1. The main disease areas submitted for RR (neoplasm, endocrine, circulation, and infections) remained similar between agreements, with a notable increase in the proportion of cancer therapies (A1: 15%; A2: 29%). There was no correlation between the rate of completed HTA submissions and IPHA membership. cOnclusiOns: The trends in assessment display a modest increase in the rate of full HTA requests. However, the rate of completion of submitted HTAs has decreased, suggesting that the negotiation route post-RR, which is now formalised in the 2016 agreement, is a viable route to reimbursement.
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