The present paper aims to clarify the role which entropy plays in complex dynamic systems in general and in ecosystems in particular. It outlines the relations between entropy, noise and uncertainty and emphasizes that there are no noiseless channels and that every noisy channel is also an energy sink. I n modeling simple dynamic systems these energy losses may be sufficiently small to be negligible in comparison with other values of interest. But in complex dynamic systems with more than eight channels between the various subsystems, the noise has a tendency to drown out the signals. I n modeling such systems it is therefore necessary to specify the noise level and one can not assume that the cumulative errors are negligible.The paper concludes with an exploration of an alternative, organismic approach to the stabilization of the world ecosystem, differing from that of the MIT group in advocating different stabilization levels for different cultures. oc3
This paper surveys the problem of moving boundaries in physicochemical, biological, managerial, socioeconomic and cybernetic systems and in its spatial as well as temporal aspects. It is shown that a time horizon is a moving boundary which separates the foreseeable from the unforeseeable future. Its specification is required for unambiguous forecasts of short-range and long-range behavior of the system under study. In general, the entropy or uncertainty of transition across the time horizon has a paraboloid distribution. In socioeconomic systems it is especially important to distinguish between ex ante and ex post forecasts and to specify not only the errors in the variables, but also in their relations. Various computational methods used in the analysis of moving boundary problems are indicated in the literature.w
This paper aims to link up the concepts of system bifurcation and system catastrophe with temporal logic in order to show the applicability of dialectical reasoning to metamorphic system transformations. A system catastrophe is an innovation resulting from reorganization resulting from a switch from positive to negative feedback or vice versa. The subsystems would then be oscillators and the truth of any descriptive statement is then distributive. Such oscillations would produce an uncertainty in the temporal trajectory of the system which would increase both towards the past and the future. This means that time is not a scalar dimension, but a quadratic paraboloid distribution of converging and diverging transition probabilities. A social system composed of such oscillators would be heterarchical rather than hierarchical.
ZusammenfassungDer Ausdruck "Soziotektonik" bezeichnet das Netzwerk menschlicher Wechselwirkungen, wetche durch Symbole und Signale iibermittelt werden und die Koordination und Integration verschiedener Sozialsysteme erm/Sglichen. Jedes Sozialnetzwerk ist zeitbedingt und seine Evolution ist das Ergebnis menschlicher Entscheidungen. Die Entwicklung kann im Riickblick beschrieben werden; im Vorausblick k/Snnen nur Wahrscheinlichkeitsaussagen gemacht werden. Die Teilsysteme sind nicht hierarchisch untergeordnet, sondern heterarchisch beigeordnet und unterliegen infolgedessen unvereinbaren Einfliissen. Der Grad der m/Sglichen Harmonisierung kann mathematisch-topologisch formuliert werden.
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