This work presents a sustainable panel elaboration for housing interiors through banana fiber and peanut shells gathered from crop residues, consolidated with a polyester resin binder. A material characterization process was defined by forming three prototypes with different dosages. The prototypes performed physical and mechanical tests following recommendations from previous research and the standards. The results obtained were favorable regarding thermal transmittance percentages, achieving an average resistance comparable to non-structural medium density particleboard (MDP). Performance comparisons were also established, which depict the potential of these prototypes to contribute to the building industry, including the development of thermally comfortable environments.
Ecuador se adapta a la evolución arquitectónica universal de los últimos años, mediante la ejecución de proyectos investigativos de reciclaje de desechos sólidos no renovables y desechos orgánicos para la elaboración de elementos arquitectónicos sostenibles que colaboren con el medio ambiente. La presente investigación consiente en reutilizar desechos de plástico PET y vidrio, que mediante un proceso técnico podrá ser utilizado como elemento constructivo, de esta manera se cumple con objetivo de mitigar la contaminación ambiental.AbstractEcuador adapts to the universal architectural evolution in recent years, through the implementation of research projects recycling of solid waste and non-renewable organic waste to developing sustainable architectural elements to work with the environment. The present investigation allows to reuse PET and glass plastic waste, which through a technical process can be used as a constructive element, in this way it meets the objective of mitigating environmental pollution
El proyecto de investigación se enfoca en el diseño de una vivienda sostenible, a través, de la revalorización y apropiación de las técnicas constructivas ancestrales del sector de estudio, ubicado en la parroquia rural Taura, perteneciente al cantón Naranjal. Se busca una simbiosis entre la arquitectura local y contemporánea para lograr ambientes térmicamente confortables, con un bajo consumo de energía y menor contaminación en los procesos constructivos y durante el tiempo de vida de la edificación. El sistema que emplear se basa en palafitos y tierra apisonada denominado tapial; estos se constituyen en la base de la propuesta, junto con el aprovechamiento de los recursos ambientales, ventilación e iluminación natural y la consideración del tratamiento de residuos para evitar el menor impacto. La distribución espacial nace de la vivienda ancestral palafítica, mediante un proceso de fragmentación y redistribución de sus componentes, en respuesta al programa de necesidades y las condicionantes del medio.AbstractThe research project focuses on the design of a sustainable home, through the revaluation and appropriation of the ancestral construction techniques of the study sector, located in the rural Taura parish, belonging to the Naranjal canton. A symbiosis between local and contemporary architecture is sought to achieve thermally comfortable environments, with low energy consumption and less pollution in the construction processes and during the life of the building. The system to be used is based on stilt houses and rammed earth called tapial; These constitute the basis of the proposal, together with the use of environmental resources, ventilation and natural lighting and the consideration of waste treatment to avoid the least impact. The spatial distribution arises from the ancestral palafitic dwelling, through a process of fragmentation and redistribution of its components, in response to the program of needs and the conditioning factors of the environment.
La investigación determinó la posibilidad de elaborar un sistema de doble fachada a partir de acero, aluminio y vidrio para edificios con criterio autosustentable, y éstos materiales en conjunto pueden ofrecer una propuesta de calidad dentro de un contexto edificatorio del centro de la ciudad de Guayaquil. El sistema a su vez ha sido evaluado desde que el confort térmico, energético y acústico, en esta investigación. Con esta síntesis se cumple la hipótesis que indica la posibilidad de elaborar un prototipo capaz de funcionar como segunda piel de una edificación, y se determina su capacidad de optimizar las fachadas con superficies acristaladas simples. En el cumplimiento de los objetivos específicos, en primer lugar, se evaluó el mecanismo usual para dobles fachadas, que pueda ser aplicable en la ciudad de Guayaquil que contempla un clima cálido muy caloroso, definiendo la utilidad de la técnica de fachada suministradora. Además, se interpretó coincidencias de usuarios para conformar la propuesta, que definieron un prototipo que mejorara el aspecto estético, la optimización energética y el confort térmico. Se estableció también las dimensiones de un sistema de doble fachada mediante el análisis de especificaciones técnicas de los materiales para un diseño adaptable en edificios céntricos de Guayaquil.AbstractThe research determined the possibility of developing a double façade system from steel, aluminum and glass for buildings with self-sustaining criteria, and these materials together can offer a quality proposal within a building context in the center of the city of Guayaquil. The system in turn has been evaluated since the thermal, energetic and acoustic comfort, in this investigation. With this synthesis, the hypothesis that indicates the possibility of developing a prototype capable of functioning as a second skin of a building is fulfilled, and its ability to optimize facades with simple glazed surfaces is determined.In the fulfillment of the specific objectives, in the first place, the usual mechanism for double facades was evaluated, which may be applicable in the city of Guayaquil that contemplates a very hot warm climate, defining the utility of the supplying facade technique. In addition, user coincidences were interpreted to form the proposal, which defined a prototype that would improve the aesthetic aspect, energy optimization and thermal comfort. The dimensions of a double façade system were also established by analyzing the technical specifications of the materials for an adaptable design in downtown buildings in Guayaquil.
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