This paper presents depth maps for eight key horizons and seven thickness maps covering the onshore and offshore areas for the Late Permian to recent sedimentary section of the Netherlands. These maps, prepared in the context of a TNO regional mapping project, are supported by nine regional structural cross sections and a table summarizing the timing of tectonic activity from Carboniferous to recent. These new regional maps enable the delineation of various structural elements but also reveal the development of these elements through time with improved detail.Since the latest Carboniferous the tectonic setting of the Netherlands changed repeatedly. During successive tectonic phases several pre-existing structural elements were reactivated and new elements appeared. The various identified regional structural elements are grouped into six tectonically active periods: Late Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Late Jurassic, Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. This study demonstrates that many structural elements and fault systems were repeatedly reactivated and that a clear distinction exists between long-lived elements, such as the Roer Valley Graben, and short-lived structural elements, such as the Terschelling Basin.
A five years geological mapping project, in which the Netherlands Continental Shelf has been re-examined using all publicly available data, resulted in an important update of the existing dataset. The stratigraphy of over 400 wells has been re-interpreted. New depth and thickness grids, based mainly on the interpretation of 3D seismic data have been produced for the most important stratigraphic intervals from Permian Upper Rotliegend to Neogene. New reservoir grids describe the top, base and thickness of 30 (potential) reservoir units in the area. In addition, the uncertainty related to interpretation and further processing of the data has been assessed. This resulted in maps displaying the standard deviation for the depth of the main stratigraphic intervals. Based on these results and the data already available for the onshore area, an updated structural element map was made for the Netherlands.
Abstrack Through the generous gift of shiptime on M/V Mobil Search in June 1987, BIRPS (British Institutions Reflection Profiling Syndicate) was able to acquire nearly 1500 km of deep seismic profiles recorded to 16s TWT in a regional survey across the central and southern North Sea. Reflective lower crust beneath the southern North Sea basin gives way laterally to a zone of mid-crustal reflections within the London-Brabant platform. These mid-crustal reflectors are interpreted as due to crustal shearing, although whether related to stretching during basin formation or to some earlier event remains enigmatic. Sub-crustal, SW-dipping reflections are observed at the edge of the LondonBrabant platform. Across the mid-North Sea High, N-S profiles show distinctive patterns of lower-crustal reflectivity that indicate lateral variability in structure and character on a scale of 30-50 km. These are interpreted as crustal units relating to the Iapetus suture developed during the Caledonian orogeny. They may have been modified, however, during Carboniferous basin development, or subsequently. The absence of any distinctive sub-crustal reflectors associated with the Iapetus Suture, where a Caledonian subduction zone should have existed, tends to suggest that sub-crustal reflections observed elsewhere around Britian are not subduction related but are more likely to be from younger faults or shear zones relating to lithosphere extension and basin formation.Onshore wide-angle recording in northern England of the marine seismic source produced good quality data. The high resolution obtained has revealed details of mid-crust (PcP) and Moho (PmP) reflections, from around 18 and 30 km depth respectively, not observed before in this area. Both reflectors show events of laterally variable reflectivity that appear as bands of discontinuous reflection segments.
In 1991 a deep seismic line, MPNI-9101, was acquired in the southern North Sea. The line runs from the Mesozoic Broad Fourteens Basin in the north, across the West Netherlands Basin, onto the London–Brabant Massif in the south. The London–Brabant Massif is a WNW–ESE trending stable structure located beneath southeastern England, the southern North Sea and Belgium. The London–Brabant Massif represents the most easterly part of the Anglo-Brabant Massif. At the northern margin of the London-Brabant Massif, Devonian and Carboniferous siliciclastic and carbonate rocks onlap the massif. Farther south, shallow parts of the seismic line in the vicinity of the axial zone of the London–Brabant Massif are almost completely devoid of primary reflections. This zone is composed of strongly folded Lower Palaeozoic sedimentary units which have been mapped in the onshore part of Belgium. Numerous seismic reflection multiples from the base of the Cretaceous are observed on this part of the section. The southern limit of the zone is very abrupt and may correspond to a fault belt delimiting an area of magmatic rocks known in the onshore part of Belgium. Unusually the deeper parts of the seismic line show a strongly reflective lower crust beneath the London-Brabant, a phenomenon which has not been observed on other deep seismic sections across the massif. Two-way travel times to the base of the lower crustal reflective zone (corresponding to the Moho), increase from 10 seconds beneath the West Netherlands Basin in the north to 12 seconds beneath the London–Brabant Massif, suggesting a thickening of the crust.
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