New insights into the geological structure of the Netherlands; results of a detailed mapping project

Kombrink, H.; Doornenbal, J.C.; Duin, Ed; Dulk, M. den; Gessel, S.F. van; Veen, J.H. ten; Witmans, N.

doi:10.1017/s0016774600000329

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Step Graben (Kombrink et al, 2012) continues towards the north into the Entenschnabel area. In contrast to the Dutch offshore, this structural element corresponds in the German North Sea to a pronounced array of structural highs and grabens with associated large fault offsets in the pre-Zechstein and distinct thickness variations in the Mesozoic overburden.…”

Section: -4 | 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Late Palaeozoic to Early Cenozoic geological evolution of the northwestern German North Sea (Entenschnabel): New results and insights

Arfai

Jähne

Lutz

et al. 2014

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The results of a detailed seismic mapping campaign of 13 horizons in the northwestern German North Sea, covering Late Permian to Palaeogene sedimentary successions, are presented. Based on the interpretation of four 3D and two 2D seismic surveys, thickness and depth maps of prominent stratigraphic units were constructed. These maps provide an overview of key structural elements, the sedimentation and erosion, and give insights into the evolution of the German Central Graben. The base of the Zechstein Group reaches a maximum depth of 7800 m within the German Central Graben. Lateral thickness variations in the Zechstein reflect the extensive mobilisation of Zechstein salt. Complex rift-related structures, with the Central Graben as the main structural element, were found not later than the Early Triassic. Up to 3000-m thick Triassic sediments are preserved in the eastern German Central Graben of which 1800 m consist of Keuper sediments. The Lower Buntsandstein unit shows increasing thicknesses towards the southeastern study area, likely related to distinct lateral subsidence. As a consequence of uplift of the North Sea Dome, Middle Jurassic sediments were eroded in large parts of the northwestern German North Sea and are only preserved in the German Central Graben. The NNW–SSE oriented John Basin is another important structural element, which shows maximum subsidence during the Late Jurassic. In most parts of the study area Lower Cretaceous sediments are absent due to either erosion or non-deposition. Lower Cretaceous deposits are preserved in the Outer Rough Basin in the northwest and within the German Central Graben. Upper Cretaceous sediments are found at depths between 1500 and 3600 m, reaching a maximum thickness of approximately 1600 m on the Schillgrund High. Contraction and inversion of pre-existing Mesozoic faults during the Late Cretaceous is distinct at the Schillgrund Fault, i.e. the eastern border fault of the Central Graben. The Palaeogene is predominantly a period of strong basin subsidence. Within 37 Myrs, up to 1400 m of Palaeogene sediments were deposited in the northwesternmost part of the study area. Detailed mapping of salt structures enables a reconstruction of halokinetic movements over time and a deciphering of the influence of the Zechstein salt on the sedimentary evolution during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. Increasing sediment thicknesses in rim-synclines indicate that most of the salt structures in the German Central Graben had their main growth phase during the Late Jurassic.

show abstract

Section: -4 | 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3, Profile A). In the Dutch offshore sector such an area with mostly thin Mesozoic deposits is defined as a platform (Kombrink et al, 2012). In particular, the basement in the German part of the Central Graben is segmented by a variety of horst and graben features.…”

Section: -4 | 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Palaeozoic to Early Cenozoic geological evolution of the northwestern German North Sea (Entenschnabel): New results and insights

Arfai

Jähne

Lutz

et al. 2014

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Proven reservoirs have been found inAmeland Platform and the Schill Grund Platform (Fig. 2;Heybroek 1975;Schroot 1991;Duin et al 2006;Kombrink et al 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonostratigraphy of a rift basin affected by salt tectonics: synrift Middle Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Dutch Central Graben, Terschelling Basin and neighbouring platforms, Dutch offshore

Bouroullec

Verreussel

Geel

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Middle Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous in the eastern Dutch offshore provides excellent examples of sand-rich sediments that locally accumulated in the vicinity of rift basin margins affected by salt tectonics. These types of deposits are often geographically restricted and difficult to identify, but can be valuable targets for hydrocarbon exploration. The distribution, thickness and preservation potential of fluvio-lacustrine, shallow-and deep-marine sediments is discussed to provide new insights into the regional and local tectonostratigraphy of the Dutch Central Graben, the Terschelling Basin and their neighbouring platforms. New sedimentological, geochemical, biostratigraphic, stratigraphic and structural information have been analysed and integrated into a new tectonostratigraphic model for the Callovian Lower Graben Formation, Oxfordian Middle and Upper Graben formations, Early-Middle Volgian Terschelling Sandstone and Noordvaarder members, and the Late VolgianEarly Ryazanian Scruff Greensand Formation. It is demonstrated that salt withdrawal at the basin axis was the primary control on the generation of high accommodation during the Callovian-Early Kimmeridgian. Incised valleys developed on the platforms providing lateral sediment input. During the Late Kimmeridgian-Ryazanian salt migration shifted laterally towards the basin margins, providing accommodation adjacent to active salt bodies and deposition of overthickened sandy strata.

show abstract

“…There are important regional differences in sedimentation and erosion history in the study area (Verweij, 2003;Nelskamp and Verweij, 2012;Verweij et al, 2012). At the large scale, the southern North Sea is a basin Kombrink et al, 2012) …”

Section: Burial Historymentioning

confidence: 98%

The composition of groundwater in Palaeogene and older formations in the Netherlands. A synthesis

Griffioen

Verweij

Stuurman

2016

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is increasing interest in the exploitation of the deep subsurface of the Netherlands for purposes other than conventional oil and gas production, such as geothermal energy, shale gas exploitation and the disposal of radioactive waste, so for technical and environmental reasons it is important to understand the composition of the deep groundwater. A synthesis has been made of almost 200 existing groundwater analyses for the Oligocene and older formations in the Netherlands. Three groundwater categories are considered: (1) deep oil and gas reservoirs, (2) deep, buried and confined aquifers and (3) shallower, semi-confined aquifers with or without outcrop areas nearby. No distinct water types are found but a continuous series, with Cl ranging from around 10,000 to 200,000 mg l −1 : the highest concentrations are found in the reservoirs and the lowest in the semi-confined aquifers. The most saline brines are found in the northern onshore area and adjacent offshore area, where Permian and Triassic rock salt also occurs regionally in the subsurface. The groundwater is usually pH-neutral, saturated in carbonates and anaerobic. Anhydrite saturation occurs when the Cl concentration exceeds 100,000 mg l −1 , and halite saturation occurs at Cl concentrations close to 200,000 mg l −1 . Few tracer analyses have been done for δ 2 H-H 2 O, δ 18 O-H 2 O, δ 37 Cl, Br, Li and B, which makes a rigorous palaeohydrological interpretation impossible.Lithium and B may be controlled by water-rock interaction which makes them less suitable as tracers. Some of the analyses suggest that dissolution of rock salt plays a role in determining the salinity of groundwater for some deep wells in the southern part of the Netherlands, whereas other analyses suggest that evaporated seawater influences the salinity in the associated wells. Cation-exchange patterns and alkalinity to Ca ratios indicate that groundwater in the deep, buried and shallow, semi-confined aquifers is usually freshening. Six 14 C analyses of samples from the buried aquifers indicate an apparent age of at least 20,000 years. Six δ 37 Cl analyses of formation waters from reservoirs in South-Holland suggest diffusion of Cl from a brine towards fresher water, and the associated K and also Li concentrations further suggest that these brines are related to rock salt dissolution and are not the residue of evaporated seawater. The high Ca concentrations are enigmatic for the hypersaline formation waters in the reservoirs. A limited series of samples had been analysed for various trace elements. The median concentrations are similar to the seawater and Dutch background concentration limits for shallow groundwater, but maximum concentrations can be up to three orders of magnitude higher. In conclusion, the data synthesis shows that the composition of groundwater in reservoirs and aquifers of Palaeogene and older age varies strongly in salinity at the national scale. Presence of evaporite deposits and diffusive transport seem to play important roles in controlling the sali...

show abstract

New insights into the geological structure of the Netherlands; results of a detailed mapping project

Cited by 51 publications

References 25 publications

Late Palaeozoic to Early Cenozoic geological evolution of the northwestern German North Sea (Entenschnabel): New results and insights

Late Palaeozoic to Early Cenozoic geological evolution of the northwestern German North Sea (Entenschnabel): New results and insights

Tectonostratigraphy of a rift basin affected by salt tectonics: synrift Middle Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Dutch Central Graben, Terschelling Basin and neighbouring platforms, Dutch offshore

The composition of groundwater in Palaeogene and older formations in the Netherlands. A synthesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About