Dental cements are widely used in dentistry. Base material, temporary filling material and luting agents can all have different clinical applications. Different types of cement have also been developed for various orthodontic and endodontic treatments.In literature it is still argued that there is not ideal cement answering all purposes yet, so different materials are required for the comprehensive patient treatments and it is not always that easy to make the best choice.The aim of this article is to provide a clinically relevant discussion of contemporary permanent luting agents, in order to enhance the dentist's ability to make proper cementation choices and application.

PURPOSEIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the amount of marginal gap with two different substructure materials using identical margin preparations.MATERIALS AND METHODSTwenty stainless steel models with a chamfer were prepared with a CNC device. Marginal gap measurements of the galvano copings on these stainless steel models and Co-Cr copings obtained by a laser-sintering method were made with a stereomicroscope device before and after the cementation process and surface properties were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A dependent t-test was used to compare the mean of the two groups for normally distributed data, and two-way variance analysis was used for more than two data sets. Pearson's correlation analysis was also performed to assess relationships between variables.RESULTSAccording to the results obtained, the marginal gap in the galvano copings before cementation was measured as, on average, 24.47 ± 5.82 µm before and 35.11 ± 6.52 µm after cementation; in the laser-sintered Co-Cr structure, it was, on average, 60.45 ± 8.87 µm before and 69.33 ± 9.03 µm after cementation. A highly significant difference (P<.001) was found in marginal gap measurements of galvano copings and a significant difference (P<.05) was found in marginal gap measurements of the laser-sintered Co-Cr copings. According to the SEM examination, surface properties of laser sintered Co-Cr copings showed rougher structure than galvano copings. The galvano copings showed a very smooth surface.CONCLUSIONMarginal gaps values of both groups before and after cementation were within the clinically acceptable level. The smallest marginal gaps occurred with the use of galvano copings.

In this study, we measured the bond strength; our most durable resistance groups were found to be, in order, Panavia-ceramics >Panavia-metal >Panavia-Zr >self-adhesive-ceramics >self-adhesive-Zr >and self-adhesive-metal.