This research was conducted to assess the effect of a weight management program in Turkish school children with overweight and obesity. Forty one students formed the intervention group while 40 students formed the control group in two elementary schools. Students in intervention group were given seven training sessions in a period of 2.5 months. Concurrently, parents were given two trainings and consultancy. The Body Mass Indices (BMIs) of the intervention group at the third measurement were decreased (p < .05) significantly when compared to the control group. The findings suggest use of school-based weight management programs starting from elementary school.
Increased incidence of children diagnosed with cancer and survivors was an impact on changes in pediatric hemato-oncology nursing care. In this review article, it is aimed to investigate the new trends and recent care approaches in pediatric oncology nursing. The recent care topics were common in the literature as family-centered care, technology-based care, program development, primary care of child, health-care provider, survivors and home care, and nonpharmacological care. All of the topics contribute to perform evidence-based care for health promotion and well-being in pediatric hemato-oncology nursing. Research reviews showed that many current topics for the care of children and their parents have entered in the literature. There is a need for more randomized controlled studies to improve the level of evidence of new nursing approaches.
Caring for patients with chronic or life-threating illnesses, communication and relationships with patients and other healthcare professionals are common themes that cause concerns in oncology nurses (Dowling, 2008;Van Rooyen et al., 2008). Palsson and Norberg (1995) 5478 managing stres, the quality and safety of patient care, cost effectiveness, and the retention of nurses (Wilkinson et al., 2008; Steward et al., 2010 Materials and Methods Sample and study designThis descriptive qualitative study was conducted in a pediatric hematology/oncology hospital in Ankara, Turkey, in December 2011. The hospital has two hematooncology wards with 51 beds and one hematopoietic stem cell transplantation unit (HSCTU) with 10 beds. A total of 55 staff nurses have been working in the wards, which included 28 staff nurses in the hemato-oncology wards and 27 staff nurses in the HSCTU. Nurses are working in two shifts: 08.00 am -04.00 pm and 04.00 pm -08.00 am. Most of the diagnoses in the wards were leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, thalassemia and aplastic anemia. The average hospitalization days were 2 months for HSCT patients and 20 days for the ward patients. The nurses had participated in orientation programs 15 days after starting their new job at the hospital. On-site workplace training was 1 hour per week for nurses. There was not any education program regarding communication for staff nurses.Qualitative data were collected from 21 pediatric hematology/oncology nursing staff by using the focus group technique, and they were divided into three groups.Before the interviews, a short data form was used to determine the descriptive characteristics of the nurses, including age, education and experience in nursing and pediatric hematology/oncology wards. The nurses' mean age was 26.80±3.5 years and mean experience 4.47±3.99 years in the profession.Pediatric nurses were selected based on voluntarism, availability during shifts and, who expressed living communication difficulties with children and familes. The focus group sizes varied from 6 to 8 participants. Three semi-structured open-ended questions were used to drive the interviews: i) What kinds of communication problems do you have with children and their families in pediatric hematology/oncology clinics? ii) How do these communication difficulties affect you? and iii) How would you feel empowered against having communication difficulties? Qualitative data were collected through interviews in a quiet, private area in the hospital's meeting rooms. Sessions lasted approximately 1 hour. The first author moderated the focus group by semi-structured form and made the clarification of the topics by sub-questions. The second author observed and noted the main topics of conversations. Before ending each interview, main topics were reviewed with the group. Data analysisThe semi-structured focus group interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The transcript subsequently was printed for further manual analysis. Content analysis was used to assess the data (Elo and Kynga...
Objective:The majority of problems and symptoms occur in the gastrointestinal system in children with cancer. Parents have difficulty in coping with the nutritional problems and changing routines of children and need support in this respect. This study aimed to assess the nutritional problems of children with cancer and the information needs of their parents.Methods:This descriptive study was performed among children with cancer aged 3–18 years and their parents (n = 69). The data were collected through a data collection form developed by the researchers based on the literature.Results:The most prominent nutritional problems experienced by children were loss of appetite (85.5%), nausea (84.1%), vomiting (81.2%), fatigue (79.7%), and mucositis (66.7%). According to the parents, the factors causing these nutritional problems in children were physiological factors (100%) and the foods given to children in the hospital (65.2%). The parents mostly needed information about food–drug interactions (58.0%), food–disease interactions (52.2%), foods that children with neutropenia should avoid or should eat (neutropenic diet) (46.4%), and frequency of nutritional intake (36.2%).Conclusions:This study has shown that most children experience at least one nutritional problem, and the parents need comprehensive and regular information about nutrition. Pediatric oncology nurses have a significant responsibility in the evaluation, education, and monitoring of these children.
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