Holistic education encompasses a wide range of philosophical orientations and pedagogical practices. Its focus is on wholeness, and it attempts to avoid excluding any significant aspects of the human experience. It is an eclectic and inclusive movement whose main characteristic is the idea that educational experiences foster a less materialistic and a more spiritual worldview along with more dynamic and holistic views of reality It also proposes that educational experience promote a more balanced development of – and cultivate the relationship among – the different aspects of the individual(intellectual, physical, spiritual, emotional, social and Aesthetic ), as well as the relationships between the individual and other people, the individual and natural environment, the inner- self of students and external. world, emotion and reason, different discipline of knowledge and different form of knowing. holistic education is concerned with life experience, not with narrowly defined'' basic skills"
The aim of the present study was to examine the internal reliability, content validity, construct validity, and concurrent validity of the Persian translation/Farsi version of the Oxford Happiness Inventory. The Oxford Happiness Inventory and Fordyce Happiness Inventory were completed by a sample of 727 Iranian university students. Findings confirmed the internal reliability, construct, and concurrent validity of the Oxford Happiness Inventory. Thus, it can be recommended for use as a trait-measure of happiness among Iranian samples.
Prediction of wave overtopping is a key task in the design and safety assessment of coastal structures. In this study, M5´ model tree as a new soft computing approach was used to develop a model for prediction of wave overtopping rate at rubble mound breakwaters. The main advantages of model trees are that they are easier to deploy and more importantly they produce understandable formulas. The selected data from the CLASH database were used for training of the model and the conventional governing parameters were used as the input parameters. The obtained results were also compared with those of previous models. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by statistical measures, and it was shown that the developed model is more accurate than previous models. Furthermore, the model was validated with the prototype 2 overtopping measurements in three sites. Results indicated that the developed model outperforms the previous models in predicting the full scale overtopping rates as well.
Prediction of wave overtopping rate is an important step in the functional design of vertical coastal structures. In this study, scaling arguments and data mining approaches were used to derive formulae for the prediction of wave overtopping rate at vertical and nearly vertical structures. An extensive database mainly selected from the CLASH including impulsive and non-impulsive, low and high freeboard and composite structures were used for formula development. The obtained dimensionless overtopping rates were compared with those of existing formulae. The performances of formulae were assessed quantitatively using laboratory experiments, and it was shown that the developed formula is more accurate than the previous ones. In addition, the developed formula was validated using field measurements. Results indicated that the developed formula which considers the effects of all governing parameters performs better than the previous empirical formulae in predicting the overtopping rate in both laboratory and field experiments.
In recent years, the subject of internationalization has been one of the most discussed issues in academic and university centers. Experts in the higher education believe that this subject is a new paradigm and inevitable approach in the universities and curriculum. Internationalization refers to the process of integrating an international and intercultural dimension into the teaching, research and service functions of the institution. It is a term that is being used more and more to discuss the international dimension of higher education. It is a term that means different things to different people and is thus used in a variety of ways. The purpose of this study is, surveying the nature of internationalization of higher education and its causality, practical models and specifying it holistically for stakeholders of higher education systems.
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