Prediction of wave overtopping at vertical structures

Etemad‐Shahidi, Amir; Shaeri, Saeed; Jafari, Ebrahim

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2015.12.001

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(39 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Backshores historically unimpacted by incident wave overtopping, may become vulnerable with higher sea levels, and Arns et al [116] suggested that future water levels will amplify wave runup design heights by ∼50% in currently impacted areas. Although wave overtopping has received sustained attention in the literature (e.g., [117][118][119][120]), wave runup and overtopping are considered significant deficiencies in current modeling methodologies [28,121,122], and have been recognized as a key future research area [123].…”

Section: Wave Overtoppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Flood Modeling Challenges in Defended Urban Backshores

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coastal flooding is a significant and increasing hazard. There are multiple drivers including rising coastal water levels, more intense hydrologic inputs, shoaling groundwater and urbanization. Accurate coastal flood event prediction poses numerous challenges: representing boundary conditions, depicting terrain and hydraulic infrastructure, integrating spatially and temporally variable overtopping flows, routing overland flows and incorporating hydrologic signals. Tremendous advances in geospatial data quality, numerical modeling and overtopping estimation have significantly improved flood prediction; however, risk assessments do not typically consider the co-occurrence of multiple flooding pathways. Compound flooding refers to the combined effects of marine and hydrologic processes. Alternatively, multiple flooding source–receptor pathways (e.g., groundwater–surface water, overtopping–overflow, surface–sewer flow) may simultaneously amplify coastal hazard and vulnerability. Currently, there is no integrated framework considering compound and multi-pathway flooding processes in a unified approach. State-of-the-art urban coastal flood modeling methods and research directions critical to developing an integrated framework for explicitly resolving multiple flooding pathways are presented.

show abstract

Section: Wave Overtoppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal Flood Modeling Challenges in Defended Urban Backshores

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…R.avaflow, a two-phase model that was developed to simulate debris flows into fluid bodies (Pudasaini, 2012), has been applied to simulate debris flows such as those that would be present in a GLOF (Mergili et al, 2017). Few researchers have looked at the issue of wave run-up (e.g., Synolakis, 1987Synolakis, , 1991Muller, 1995;Liu et al, 2005;Capel, 2015;Romano et al, 2015;Etemad-Shahidi et al, 2016), and most use empirical formulas or simplified approaches for wave run-up calculations, making assumptions about the lake geometry that may not be realistic (e.g., uniform water depth and a regularly sloped dam).…”

Section: Impulse Waves Generated From Avalanches and Landslidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The density of the avalanche material that is typical for this type of GLOF, a mixture of snow, rock, and ice, is nearly the density of water (Schneider et al, 2014); therefore, water was used in place of the avalanche fluid, and the volume of the water that represents the avalanche was the same as the total avalanche volume. This is the same approach used by Worni et al (2014) and Fah (2005). The two fluids (water and the avalanche material) have different viscosities, but the model was adjusted to account for the effects of the lower viscosity of water (less dissipation of energy as it flows towards the lake).…”

Section: Avalanche Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of avalanche-generated impulse waves: three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations and sensitivity analysis

Chisolm

McKinney

2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper studies the lake dynamics for avalanche-triggered glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range in Ancash, Peru. As new glacial lakes emerge and existing lakes continue to grow, they pose an increasing threat of GLOFs that can be catastrophic to the communities living downstream. In this work, the dynamics of displacement waves produced from avalanches are studied through three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of Lake Palcacocha, Peru, with an emphasis on the sensitivity of the lake model to input parameters and boundary conditions. This type of avalanche-generated wave is an important link in the GLOF process chain because there is a high potential for overtopping and erosion of the lake-damming moraine. The lake model was evaluated for sensitivity to turbulence model and grid resolution, and the uncertainty due to these model parameters is significantly less than that due to avalanche boundary condition characteristics. Wave generation from avalanche impact was simulated using two different boundary condition methods. Representation of an avalanche as water flowing into the lake generally resulted in higher peak flows and overtopping volumes than simulating the avalanche impact as mass–momentum inflow at the lake boundary. Three different scenarios of avalanche size were simulated for the current lake conditions, and all resulted in significant overtopping of the lake-damming moraine. Although the lake model introduces significant uncertainty, the avalanche portion of the GLOF process chain is likely to be the greatest source of uncertainty. To aid in evaluation of hazard mitigation alternatives, two scenarios of lake lowering were investigated. While large avalanches produced significant overtopping waves for all lake-lowering scenarios, simulations suggest that it may be possible to contain waves generated from smaller avalanches if the surface of the lake is lowered.

show abstract

“…However, these studies still focus on simple cases and geometries rather than real-world scenarios. Few researchers have looked at the issue of wave run-up (e.g., Synolakis, 1987 and1991;Muller, 1995;Liu et al, 2005;Capel, 2015;Romano et al, 2015;Etemad-Shahidi et al, 2016), and most use empirical formulas or simplified approaches for wave run-up calculations, making assumptions about the lake geometry that may not be realistic (e.g., uniform water depth and a regularly sloped dam). 15…”

Section: Impulse Waves Generated From Avalanches and Landslidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional hydrodynamic lake simulations of avalanche-generated impulse wave dynamics for potential GLOF scenarios at Lake Palcacocha, Peru

Chisolm

McKinney

2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. This paper studies the lake dynamics for avalanche-triggered glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range in Ancash, Peru. As new glacial lakes emerge and existing lakes continue to 10 grow, they pose an increasing risk of GLOFs that can be catastrophic to the communities living downstream. In this work, Lake Palcacocha is used as a case study to analyze the upper watershed processes that typically comprise a GLOF event, specifically the lake dynamics when an avalanche produces a large tsunami-like wave that might overtop and erode the lake-damming moraine. Dynamics of avalanche-generated impulse waves were investigated through three-dimensional hydrodynamic lake simulations of potential GLOF scenarios at Lake Palcacocha, Peru. 15Wave generation from avalanche impact was simulated using two different boundary condition methods.Representation of an avalanche as water flowing into the lake generally resulted in higher peak flows and overtopping volumes than simulating the avalanche impact as mass-momentum inflow at the lake boundary. Three different scenarios of avalanche size were simulated for the current lake conditions, and all resulted in significant overtopping of the lake-damming moraine. The lake model was evaluated for sensitivity to turbulence model and 20 grid resolution, and the uncertainty due to these model parameters is significantly less than that due to avalanche boundary condition characteristics. Although the lake model introduces significant uncertainty, the avalanche portion of the GLOF process chain is the greatest source of uncertainty. To aid in evaluation of hazard mitigation alternatives, two scenarios of lake lowering were investigated. While large avalanches produced significant overtopping waves for all lake-lowering scenarios, simulations suggest that it may be possible to contain waves 25 generated from smaller avalanches if the surface of the lake is lowered.

show abstract

Prediction of wave overtopping at vertical structures

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Coastal Flood Modeling Challenges in Defended Urban Backshores

Coastal Flood Modeling Challenges in Defended Urban Backshores

Dynamics of avalanche-generated impulse waves: three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations and sensitivity analysis

Three-dimensional hydrodynamic lake simulations of avalanche-generated impulse wave dynamics for potential GLOF scenarios at Lake Palcacocha, Peru

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About