The strength of materials is determined by their atomic molecular structure and the process of decay of atomic molecular bonds, which must be taken into account when optimizing materials strength control technologies. The fracture photomicrograph of metal microdamage of welded joint at various moments of time, a multilevel model of flow of acoustic emission signals of materials are presented. The physical meaning, the scale level of parameters included in the model are revealed. The structure of the mathematical model of the flow of AE signals with components of its informative elements of different scale level by strength characteristics of structural materials and resource of technical objects is shown. The multilevel model of the AE signal flow is hierarchically structured, obtained by generalizing deterministic-statistical variability. It describes the process of randomly recording deterministic accumulated damages in the material both before and after the formation of a crack at the stage of waiting for its next leap. It is shown that the proposed nanotechnology of strength control of materials is reduced to non-destructive determination of parameters of prognostic homogeneous destruction, identification of which is based on multilevel modeling of time dependence of micro-crack formation, formulation of criterion of strength homogeneity, registration of AE parameters related to the model of a specific product, which can be automated processing of registration results and determination of universal strength nanoconstants from already published reference data of fatigue tests of standard material samples.
The ways of increasing the reliability and service life of industrial facilities are considered. The types of hardening technologies and methods of their control are analyzed. An approach that makes it possible to evaluate the quality of hardening technologies based on the registration of acoustic emission (AE) is described. The results of experimental research on the quality of three types of strengthening technologies are presented and the effectiveness of the proposed approach is shown. The obtained results can be used to assess hardening technologies at real facilities in a non-destructive way.