The article presents the results of the use of speleoclimatotherapy in recreational activities in children of primary school age. In the course of the study, we analyzed indicators of heart rate variability in children depending on the initial vegetative status. In vagotonics and normotonics, there was an increase in the activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, and in sympatotonics, there was a decrease in HRV parameters within the age norm, characteristic of increased activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Such changes can occur when the adaptive reserves of the childs body increase. However, when using speleoclimatotherapy during recreational activities, it is necessary to take into account the initial level of vegetative activity of heart rate regulation in children.
The article presents the characteristics of heart rate variability among students with different levels of trait anxiety. It is shown that high and medium level of trait anxiety is typical for the majority of the students and is accompanied by increased activity of the sympathetic division of the ANS. Variety of opportunities and strategies of corrective influence of speleoclimatotherapy on the performance of vegetative homeostasis is revealed according to the level of trait anxiety. It is shown that a moderate level of anxiety provides the most efficient adaptive effect of speleoclimatotherapy; and method capacity is limited in individuals with high level of anxiety.
By means of enzymoiimmunoassay and flow cytofluorometry the effect of carbon monoxide and ultraviolet (UV)-light on the expression level of the receptor complex molecules (CD95 and CD8 markers) on the membranes of human blood lymphocytes has been studied. It was stated that the carbon monoxide causes decrease of CD95 receptors on the surface immune cells during (60 ^ 90 min). However, strengthening of this effect was registered in 24 hours. It is shown that UV-light in 453 and 755 J/m2 doses provides the pro-apoptotic effect as related to the expression level of CD95 receptors of analyzed cells. After daily thermostating of modified lymphocytes, different receptiveness of CD8 molecules to carbon monoxide was revealed. Thus, in patients with initially higher levels of CD8 markers - decrease is registered, and in individuals with initially low - increase in this marker levels. The obtained data of blood lymphocytes receptor profile changes in the presence of low molecular ligand (CO) must be taken into account in the Ultraviolet Blood Irradiation-therapy in patients with different etiologies.
The features of neuroimmunoendocrine regulation in junior students under emotional stress associated with the process of learning and assessment of possibilities of speleoclimatotherapy as a method of drug-free correction have been studied. The study involved students of the Voronezh State Medical Academy aged 17 to 20 years. Evaluation of the immune status included: count of lymphocyte subpopulations during flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies CYTO-STAT tetraCHROME, evaluation of the phagocytic activity of neutrophils - definition of the phagocytic index, of the phagocytic number using a set Phagotest. Myeloperoxidase activity of neutrophils was assessed on the basis of spontaneous and induced tests with NBT (NBT-test), the index of neutrophil activation. The study determined the content of different types of cytokines. The cytokines were determined on the basis of flow cytometry. For study of the autonomic balance, there was evaluated heart rate variability using short segments of ECG recorded during 5 minutes. For determination of emotional stress signs in the subjects, there were used the following psychological tests: the Spielberger - Hanin anxiety test, the Zung anxiety test, the Zung depression test. It has been established that speleoclimatotherapy has possibilities to correct stress-induced changes of parameters of psychovegetative homeostasis and immunity. The biological effect of speleoclimatotherapy is based on the phenomenon of cross-adaptation, the result of which is that adaptation to the microclimate of sylvinite caves is accompanied by an increased resistance to other stress effects. In view of the mechanisms of speleoclimate effect on the neuroimmune system, it is possible to apply speleoclimatotherapy as a non-drug method of integrated prevention and correction of stress-induced disorders among medical students and other persons whose activities are related to chronic emotional stress.
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