A new antibiotic complex has been isolated from cultures of Streptomyces strain No. JA 10124. On the basis of taxonomic studies, the producing microorganism is described as Streptomyces griseoflavus (KRAINSKY, 1914) WAKSMAN et HENRICI, 1948, subsp. thuringiensis subsp. nov., type strain JA 10124. The antibiotic complex, designated as streptovirudin, was isolated from extracts of both mycelium and culture filtrate. It is a white amorphous material which consists of ten closely related components including streptovirudins A, B, C, D and E. The streptovirudin complex exhibits antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria, mycobacteria, and various DNA-and RNA-viruses. During the course of our screening program for antiviral antibiotics inhibition of various viruses was found with extracts from Streptomyces strain No. JA 10124. The organism was identified as a new subspecies of Streptomyces griseoflavus (KRAINSKY, 1914) WAKSMAN and HENRICI, 1948, for which the name Streptomyces griseoflavus subsp. thuringiensis is proposed. The name " streptovirudin " has been proposed for the antibiotic material isolated from fermentations of JA 10124.1,2) The antibiotic complex and each of its components appeared to be new and were therefore isolated in pure form. They are active against a variety of Gram-positive bacteria and various DNA-and RNA-viruses. The subject of this communication is the characterization of the producing strain, the fermentative production of the antibiotic complex, its isolation, purification and characterization.
Die Chinoxaline (II) und (III), die gegen DNS‐ und RNS‐Viren wirksam sind, werden aus den Diaminen (I) über die entsprech‐ enden Chinoxalinone durch Reaktion mit Phosphoroxychlorid erhalten.
Three antiviral isatinisothiosemicarbazones strongly inhibited the incorporation of [8H ]uridine into the ribonucleic acid (RNA) of FL cells as a consequence of the inhibition of uridine transport. After prelabeling of cells at a low temperature (1 h at 16 C) with uptake of [3H]uridine into the acid-soluble nucleotide pool, the later addition of the test compounds revealed only a sniall or negligible influence on host-directed RNA synthesis. The pulse-labeled soluble nucleotide pool of FL cells was sufficient to give a gradual increase in incorporation into RNA over a period of 7 h. With the same method of prelabeling at the beginning of the experiment, it was also possible to detect virus-induced RNA synthesis in the presence of actinomycin D. In this way the specific inhibitory action of the three isatinisothiosemicarbazones on viral RNA synthesis could be demonstrated.
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