Introduction. Healthcare workers are at a high risk of emotional burnout due to their professional activities associated with constant mental and intellectual stress. The importance of timely diagnosed psychoemotional burnout syndrome (PEBS) determines the need to develop measures for its prevention. Material and methods. We have studied the working conditions, health status of healthcare workers; the indices of relative risk and etiological component of the contribution of work environment and the work process factors to the development of the identified pathology were calculated; the probability of the development of PEBS based on diagnostics of the emotional burnout level according to the method suggested by V.V. Boiko. Results. During occupational activities healthcare workers are exposed to chemical, biological, physical work environment factors, the severity and intensity of the work process. Indices of the work process intensity are assigned to the leading hazardous occupational factor according to which the class of working conditions is determined as hazardous Class 1-3. PEBS, diseases of the musculoskeletal, circulatory, digestive and respiration systems are classified as work-related ones. An assessment of the possibility of the development of PEBS has shown 35% of the healthcare workers to consider working conditions to be related to PEBS. The dependence of the development of somatic diseases on the presence or absence of PEBS is revealed. Conclusion. The working conditions of healthcare workers are characterized by the impact of a complex of occupational factors, the leading of which is the work process intensity. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, circulatory and respiration systems, psycho-emotional burnout syndrome are classified as work-related diseases with a high degree of conditionality. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of preventive measures are the reduction of general, work-related and occupational morbidity, the preservation of psychosomatic well-being, and the prevention of economic damage from temporary and permanent disability.

The main factors of the working environment that harm a woman’s health in the course of work are considered to be physical exertion and functional overstrain, noise, chemical and biological factors, and microclimate. The most unfavorable sectors of the economy in the Republic of Bashkortostan are manufacturing, construction and the agricultural sector, where the largest number of jobs are registered that do not meet the hygienic standards for the above-mentioned production factors, which undoubtedly serves as the main cause of the development of occupational diseases among women. Material and methods.According to the medical records of the inpatient patient, the acts on the case of occupational disease and the registration form No. 30, the etiological causes and the structure of occupational morbidity by industry sectors of the Republic of Bashkortostan among women for 2016–2020 were studied. Results. Among the subjects of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Bashkortostan for the analyzed fiveyear period ranked 25–27th in terms of employment of women in jobs with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions, and among the 14 regions of the Volga Federal District — 3–5 places. If in the period 2016–2019 among all the primary established occupational diseases from 32.4 to 43.0 % were women, then by 2020 more than half of all occupational diseases (54.7 %) were detected among women. Of the 114 cases of occupational diseases identified to 85 female workers, a third of them worked in health care (32.9 %), a slightly smaller part (30.6 %) — in mechanical engineering (manufacturing) and a fifth — in the agro-industrial complex (21.1 %). The leading place in the structure of occupational pathology of women was occupied by diseases associated with high physical overload and overstrain of individual organs and systems (54.2 %). The reason for the change in the structure of occupational diseases in the region in 2020 there was a new coronavirus infection-Covid-19 in medical workers, which brought diseases from the influence of a biological factor to the second position. Conclusion. The state of working conditions and occupational morbidity among women workers indicates the lack of an effective mechanism for protecting women’s labor and the need to develop effective legislative documents for the protection of their labor and health.

Improvement of the quality of working environment by creating safe working conditions, identification and classification of risks are the basic principles for the prevention of occupational and work-related diseases in workers during production and use of artificial mineral fibers. The most important stage of prevention is therapeutic and preventive measures, including prevention of occupational skin neoplasms in the production of continuous glass fiber, prevention of dusty lung diseases when using mineral wool, vibration- and noise-induced diseases, organization of therapeutic and preventive nutrition.

Background: Exposure to numerous chemicals, including industrial ones, may result in liver damage. The body susceptibility to the environmental hazards largely depends on the activity of the enzymes in the xenobiotic detoxification system. Function abnormalities of such enzymes due to genetic variations would increase the risk of developing various diseases. Objective: To elucidate the relationship between polymorphism in glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) and the risk of toxic liver damage in a group of petrochemical workers. Methods: This study was conducted on 72 workers with toxic liver injury, 156 healthy workers, and 322 healthy individuals without history of occupational exposure to chemicals. Genotyping of the GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to perform genotyping of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes polymorphism. Results: There was a significant difference in genotype frequencies of the GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism among the groups studied. The distribution of Val/Val genotype of the GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism had a higher incidence in healthy workers compared with patients with toxic liver damage (p=0.036). No significant association was found between the GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and toxic liver damage. Conclusion: The GSTP1 rs1695 gene polymorphism can play a protective role in the development of toxic liver damage in petrochemical workers.

Against the background of the continuing deterioration of working conditions and poor quality of periodic medical checkups conducted in the Republic of Bashkortostan, a sharp decrease in the registered occupational morbidity from 180 cases in 2013 to 37 cases in 2018 is observed.

Harmful factors of the work environment and work process of the manufacture of rubber and continuous optical fiber are related to increased prevalence of nervous and musculoskeletal diseases in chemical workers. The contact with solvents in glue workers contributes to a high prevalence of polyneuropathy of the upper extremities. Severity of the work process with Class 3.3 in spreading machine operators revealed increased prevalence of muscoloskeletal diseases (56,8 %). Raising arms over the shoulder girdle during the work shift causes the development of dorsophathies in almost one third of operators of the continuous optical fiber.

This paper reviews the results of complex laboratory examinations among workers manufacturing fiber glass. The most pronounced and early changes in oxidative metabolism processes (reduced catalase activity, increased malonic dialdehyde) and rates of blood serum lipid metabolism indicators were determined, increased values of leukocyte indices of intoxication, violations in the immune status. Changes were detected in workers even with a small length of service (5 years) and young age (20-30 years). With increasing length of service in the workplace, the frequency of these violations increased.Based on the data obtained we have developed laboratory markers that are suitable for diagnosing early preclinical disorders among fiber glass manufacturing workers.

Aim. To identify the occupational risk of developing chronic generalized periodontitis and bruxism in limestone quarry workers.Materials and methods. We examined 214 workers of the limestone quarry, of which 66 patients were diagnosed with chronic generalized periodontitis, aggravated by bruxism, these patients were taken for treatment. Investigated the indices of hygiene, bleeding, periodontal, measured the depth of periodontal pockets. Electromyography of the temporal and masticatory muscles, microcirculation of periodontal blood flow, and radiography were performed. Established professional conditioning. The patented treatment we proposed: a children's phytogel for teeth and gums Karmolis was introduced into the pathological pockets and along the gingival margin, after which lasertophoresis was carried out according to the labile technique on the upper and lower jaws segmental. Fluctuorization, mouthguards, remedial gymnastics, self-massage – all these are the therapeutic measures offered by us.Results. After the treatment we carried out, the index of the indices improved, the speed and volume of blood flow in the periodontium increased, the temporal and masticatory muscles became less tense, all this indicates a favorable course of the therapy.Conclusions. Moderate CGP, aggravated by bruxism, are occupational diseases in limestone mining workers.