In this study, an attempt was made on the consumption of neat waste cooking oil (WCO) in a thermal barrier coated (TBC) diesel engine. During the first stage of the study, the standard engine fuelled with diesel and WCO with different power outputs (25%, 50%, 75% & 100%) to measure the performance, combustion and emission parameters. In the second stage of the study, the engine components coated with 8% yttrium stabilized zirconium (8%YSZ) ceramic coat and NiCrAl bond coat using plasma spray coating. In the third stage of the study, the base engine convert to TBC mode and fuelled with diesel and neat waste cooking oil and reading were compared. From the experimental study, it came to know that, the brake thermal efficiency of uncoated diesel and WCO, 31.2%, and 25.7% were as for TBC diesel and WCO it was improved to 32.8 % and 27%. In the combustion side, the cylinder peak pressure for uncoated diesel and WCO 62 bar and 55.8 bar were as for TBC diesel and WCO improved to 63 bar and 57 bar. Further on the emission side, the CO, HC, and smoke were decreased in the TBC mode along with the penalty of increase in the NOx for both diesel and WCO. From the experimental study, the TBC mode reduces the heat flux from the combustion chamber and traps the heat inside the cylinder as an effect it reduces the ignition delay and helps to utilize highly viscous fuel like WCO in a diesel engine.
Environmental effluence and fossil fuels exhaustion are the main reasons to use alternate biofuels worldwide in engines. Many researchers focused their research on biodiesel which were extracted from eatable and non-eatable vegetable oils, used them in diesel engines. In this context, biodiesel derived from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) was taken as a substitute fuel for diesel engine because of two reasons; one reason was some of the properties of this biodiesel were very nearer to diesel and another reason was giving second life to the waste cooking oil instead of disposing of in the land. In the first stage, Waste cooking oil Biodiesel (WCOB) was produced from WCO by transesterification process and experiment was carried out using diesel and WCOB and considered as base readings. In the second stage, Zinc oxide nanofluid in the mass proportions of 50ppm, 75ppm and 100 ppm were synthesised using a novel wet chemical method and blended with WCOB and considered fuels as WCOBZN50, WCOBZN75 and WCOBZN100 and their properties were tested. Then the experiment was conducted in a fully equipped engine test set up. The engine was loaded at various loading conditions. The readings were measured and analysed. The results exhibited that the blending of zinc oxide nanofluids with WCOB improved engine performance characteristics. Also, it was observed that the addition of zinc oxide nanofluids reduced the engine tailpipe emissions compared to neat WCOB. It was also found that the combustion characteristics of ZnO nano blended biodiesel were increased marginally.
The diminishing crude oil source and the environmental effluence created by the fossil fuels have forced the researchers to search for an alternative source of energy. Many researchers found that Waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB) derived from waste cooking oil (WCO) could be an economic source of fuel for diesel engines because some of the properties of WCOB were found similar to diesel. Disposing of WCO in sewage has been a great concern for many countries. Instead of disposing, converting WCO into WCOB, using them in diesel engines could be the best choice of utilizing energy. In this context, WCOB was selected as a basic fuel. In the first phase, experimentation was carried out using WCOB. Single-cylinder, water-cooled diesel engine with full set up was used for experimentation. Then, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanofluid was prepared by a wet chemical method in two mass proportions of 50ppm and 100ppm and blended with WCOB and considered fuels as WCOBZ50 and WCOBZ100. These fuels were tested and readings were measured. The experimental results showed that the engine characteristics were found better for WCOBZ100 compared to neat WCOB. In the second phase, ZnO with Copper Oxide (CuO) mixed nanofluid was prepared in two mass proportions of 50ppm and 100ppm and considered fuels as WCOBZC50 and WCOBZC100. Then these fuels were tested and results were evaluated with previous results. Finally, it was found that greater improvement in engine output characteristics and extreme drop in emission gases for WCOBZC100 compared to other nano blends and neat WCOB.
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