The influence of various dietary zinc levels on the fibrotic aspects of granuloma formation and on the humoral response to schistosome egg antigens was investigated in C57Bl/6 mice by feeding groups of animals zinc-deficient diets. At six weeks of age, control and zinc-deficient mice were exposed individually to 50-60 cercariae of the Brazilian LE strain of Schistosoma mansoni. The animals were maintained on their respective diets for eight weeks postinfection, then all animals were killed and analyzed for body weight, spleen weight, collagen content of the liver, in vivo granulomatous histopathology, and antibody responses to soluble egg antigens. Zinc-deficient mice experienced stunted growth and reduced weight gain. Granulomatous hypersensitivity to schistosome eggs in the liver was measured in liver histopathologic sections using morphometric analysis and was found to be depressed in infected mice fed the moderately and the severely zinc-deficient diets. The low level of zinc in the diet also affected the humoral immune response of the host to schistosome egg antigens.
This study is to investigate the effect of prolonged exercise with and without a thermal clamp on leukocyte cell, stress hormones, and cytokine responses. Fifteen healthy male volunteers ( means ± SD: age 22 ± 3yr; mass 75.8 ± 3.2kg; maximal oxygen uptake 55 ± 7ml/min/kg) randomly completed four chamber trials of 1 hour each, in different environment and separated by 7 days. Trials were: 1. exercise induced heating (EX‐Heating: temperature/humidity, 38°C/50%); 2. exercise with a thermal clamp (EX‐Cooling: temperature/humidity, 18°C/ 50%); 3. passive heating (PA‐H: temperature/ humidity, 38°C/ 50%); 4. passive cooling (PA‐C: temperature/ humidity, 18°C/50%). EX‐H and EX‐C were composed of 1h treadmill runs at 80% Individual anaerobic threshold (IAT). Blood samples were collected at pre‐post, and 1h post environments exposure. Compared to EX‐H, exercise‐induced increases in core temperature, heart rate, cortisol, human growth hormone, Interleukin‐6, leukocyte and monocyte counts were significantly (p≤0.01) more pronounced after EX‐C. Our results suggest that the additional impact of elevated ambient temperatures on stress responses to endurance exercise in trained subjects seems to affect primarily the hormonal systems and resulting changes in leukocyte number, monocyte and interleukine‐6. This study was supported by the King Saud University
This study is to investigate the effect of prolonged exercise with and without a thermal clamp on leukocyte cell, stress hormones, and cytokine responses. Fifteen healthy male volunteers ( means ± SD: age 22 ± 3yr; mass 75.8 ± 3.2kg; maximal oxygen uptake 55 ± 7ml/min/kg) randomly completed four chamber trials of 1 hour each, in different environment and separated by 7 days. Trials were: 1. exercise induced heating (EX‐Heating: temperature/humidity, 38°C/50%); 2. exercise with a thermal clamp (EX‐Cooling: temperature/humidity, 18°C/ 50%); 3. passive heating (PA‐H: temperature/ humidity, 38°C/ 50%); 4. passive cooling (PA‐C: temperature/ humidity, 18°C/50%). EX‐H and EX‐C were composed of 1h treadmill runs at 80% Individual anaerobic threshold (IAT). Blood samples were collected at pre‐post, and 1h post environments exposure. Compared to EX‐H, exercise‐induced increases in core temperature, heart rate, cortisol, human growth hormone, Interleukin‐6, leukocyte and monocyte counts were significantly (p≤0.01) more pronounced after EX‐C. Our results suggest that the additional impact of elevated ambient temperatures on stress responses to endurance exercise in trained subjects seems to affect primarily the hormonal systems and resulting changes in leukocyte number, monocyte and interleukine‐6.This study was supported by the King Saud University
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