Improvement and preconditions for multicultural education are associated with the democratic society development which is characterized by openness to other countries, peoples and cultures. Mutual understanding is its most important value. The ongoing integration processes in the world, the desire of Russia and other countries to integrate into the world and European sociocultural and educational space, while preserving the national identity, determines the multicultural education development. Education in a multicultural society, according to experts, is associated with the optimal models of the educational process, various methods and technologies of educational activities. They really include students in the multicultural educational space, they form the qualities necessary for successful adaptation and self-realization in the modern world.
The strategic task of the modern education system is the integration of traditional (folk, national, ethnic) cultures within the modern educational systems, ideas, technologies that create the educational environment, as well as taking into account the linguistic and psychological characteristics. Intercultural competence is the necessary ability that allows students to go beyond their own culture, without losing their own cultural identity. Therefore, understanding language values help to improve the effectiveness of the pedagogical process. The linguistic and pedagogical study of cultural concepts should be supplemented by data from other disciplines-cultural studies, history, psychology, ethnography. The article is devoted to the following issues – the realization of the ethnocultural component in the educational process of educational organizations in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Interdisciplinarity of higher education aims to improve such interdisciplinary skills as interdisciplinary thinking. Within the scope of this study, interdisciplinary thinking is defined as the ability to integrate the knowledge of two or more disciplines, improve the learning process, and produce results that would be difficult or unlikely to achieve when using a separate discipline. It is considered as a complex cognitive skill consisting of a number of sub-skills. The review showed that to date there is a small number of scientific studies focusing on the interdisciplinary approach to teaching and learning. The study further advanced the understanding of the necessary components of interdisciplinary thinking and the typical conditions that ensure its development. This understanding will provide a basis for further development of interdisciplinarity in higher education.
Abstract. The article describes the innovative approach when predicting the resource potential efficiency of petrothermal energy. Various geothermal gradients representative of Bashkortostan and Tatarstan republics regions were considered. With the help of nomograms, the authors analysed fluid temperature dependency graphs at the outlet and the thermal power versus fluid velocity along the wellbore. From the family of graphs plotted by us, velocities corresponding to specific temperature were found. Then, according to thermal power versus velocity curve, power levels corresponding to these velocities relative to the selected fluid temperature were found. On the basis of two dependencies obtained, nomograms were plotted. The result of determining the petrothermal energy production efficiency is a family of isocline lines that enables one to select the optimum temperature and injection rate to obtain the required amount of heat for a particular depth and geothermal gradient.
The article discusses the impact of globalization on modern educational processes. The authors study general issues of education, review contradictions in education which are characteristic of the new era of globalization, and argue that globalization can have positive and negative effects on education. Education is a human activity susceptible to changes occurring in the world. It reflects and demonstrates the quality of modern transformations and undergoes enormous historical changes caused by socioeconomic and cultural transformations, development of Internet technologies, spirit of the modern era of globalization. Global changes have a huge impact on education.
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