The reflection spectra of CaWO, and CaMoO, single crystals were measured in the region between 4 and 25 eV. The measurements were performed using the electron synchrotron DESY as a light source. Both crystals show very similar spectral features. A relatively sharp, well separated low energy peak is accompanied on the high energy side by two groups of maxima, each group containing three broad main reflection bands which strongly overlap. Besides this, a less pronounced structure is observed over the whole spectral region.The experimental results are discussed in terms of semiempirical MO calculations of the anionic transition metal complexes.Die Reflexionsspektren von CaW0,-und CaMo0,-Einkristallen wurden zwischen 4 und 25 eV gemessen. Das Elektronensynchrotron DESY diente als Lichtquelle. Die Spektren der beiden Kristalle sind sehr Sihnlich. Ein relativ scharfer, wohl getrennter, niederenergetischer Peak wird zu kiirzeren Wellenlangen hin jeweils von zwei Bandengruppen gefolgt, die im wesentlichen aus drei sich stark uberlappenden Maxima aufgebaut sind. Daneben ist iiber den ganzen Spektralbereich eine weniger ausgepragte Struktur zu beobachten. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse werden mit Hilfe semiempirischer MO-Berechnungen der Anionenkomplexe diskutiert.

BACKGROUND: The recently developed magnetic resonance imaging–guided laser-induced thermal therapy offers a minimally invasive alternative to craniotomies performed for tumor resection or for amygdalohippocampectomy to control seizure disorders. Current laser-induced thermal therapies rely on linear stereotactic trajectories that mandate twist-drill entry into the skull and potentially long approaches traversing healthy brain. The use of robotically driven, telescoping, curved needles has the potential to reduce procedure invasiveness by tailoring trajectories to the curved shape of the ablated structure and by enabling access through natural orifices. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of using a concentric tube robot to access the hippocampus through the foramen ovale to deliver thermal therapy and thereby provide a percutaneous treatment for epilepsy without drilling the skull. METHODS: The skull and both hippocampi were segmented from dual computed tomography/magnetic resonance image volumes for 10 patients. For each of the 20 hippocampi, a concentric tube robot was designed and optimized to traverse a trajectory from the foramen ovale to and through the hippocampus from head to tail. RESULTS: Across all 20 cases, the mean distances (errors) between the hippocampus medial axis and backbone of the needle were 0.55, 1.11, and 1.66 mm for the best, mean, and worst case, respectively. CONCLUSION: These curvilinear trajectories would provide accurate transforamenal delivery of an ablation probe to typical hippocampus volumes. This strategy has the potential both to decrease the invasiveness of the procedure and to increase the completeness of hippocampal ablation.

Four commercial whole-body impedance measuring systems (Holtain, RJL, Bodystat and EZcomp) were compared on two separate occasions for a group of normal subjects. The first set of readings in 21 subjects demonstrated a significant difference of approximately 6% between the Holtain measurement and the higher readings from the Bodystat or RJL systems. The differences between the RJL and Bodystat readings were much less (mean difference 0.6%). Similar differences between the Holtain and EZcomp or Bodystat measurements were demonstrated on a second occasion for a group of 11 subjects. Given that these devices operate by supplying a constant current, the differences may be explained by the results from a series of measurements on a whole-body resistance simulator in which it appears that for skin contact resistance > 200 omega the Holtain device is unable to sustain a constant current and therefore records a lower impedance than the true value.

No abstract

The temperature dependence of the maximum strain a bulk metallic glass (BMG) can undergo in its supercooled liquid state under specified conditions is determined. This formability is measured experimentally over a wide temperature range using Zr35Ti30Cu8.25Be26.75 as an example BMG. When considering five different BMG formers, we found that the formability continuously increases with temperature. This behavior is ubiquitous among BMGs whose crystallization behavior can be described by steady state nucleation and diffusion limited growth. Therefore, in order to maximize the formability during thermoplastic forming of BMGs, the highest processing temperature should be chosen at which crystallization can still be avoided.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract