Objective. To describe the epidemiological and histological aspects of cancers in Togo. Materials and Methods. We made a retrospective review of the epidemiological and pathological features of cancers observed from 1984 to 2008 at the laboratory of pathology of CHU-TOKOIN in Lomé, Togo. Results. During our study period, we found 5251 cases of cancers with an annual average frequency of 210 cases. The sex ratio, male/female, was 0.9 and the average age of occurring was 45.3 years. This average age was 46.9 years for men and 43.8 years for women. The most frequent cancers for men were prostate cancer (12.9%), nonmelanoma skin cancer (10.4%), and gastric cancer (10.3%). For women it was breast cancer (27.1%), cervix cancer (11.2%) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (6.3%). Histologically, it was carcinomas in 68.1% of the cases, sarcomas in 11% of the cases and non-Hodgkin lymphomas in 12.6% of the cases. Children cancers were primarily Burkitt lymphoma (27.9% of cases) and retinoblastoma (8.5% of cases). Conclusion. This study shows that cancers are frequent in Togo and emphasizes on the necessity of having a cancer register for the prevention and the control of this disease in Togo.
The annual prevalence of polycythemia vera is about 2.16 new cases. The average age of patients was 46, 7 years with ranges from 31 to 65 years. There were 9 men and 4 women. The most frequent factor of finding was the fortuitous ones (23%). Most clinical signs represented were headache (69.2%), skin érythroses (53.8%) and paresthesia (30.8%). The average value of hemoglobin, hematocrit, the number of white blood cells and platelets in our patients with polycythemia who had positive JAK2V617F was respectively: 198g/L ± 44; 62.7 ± 4.4%; 9
Background: Cancer is a subject of continuing concern, more common in adults than in children, but often with a poor outcome in the latter. Our study set itself the objective to describe the epidemiological and histological aspects of solid cancers in children in Togo. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study focused on cases of solid cancers in children diagnosed from 2010 to 2014 (5 years) at the pathology laboratory of the Tokoin teaching hospital. Data were collected from the records of that laboratory. Results: We collected 66 cases of childhood cancer representing 5% of all solid cancers. The annual incidence was 13.2 cases. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.4; mean age was of 7.2±1.6 years. The age group most affected was that of 5-9 years (40.9%). Four histological groups of solid childhood cancers were listed: lymphoma (n=34 cases; 51.5%), embryonic cancer (n=17 cases; 25.8%), sarcomas (n=13 cases; 19.7%) and carcinoma (n=2 cases; 3%). The most common histological types were Burkitt lymphoma (36.4%), nephroblastoma (10.6%) and retinoblastoma (10.6%). Conclusions: This study shows that solid cancers in children are relatively frequent in Togo with a male predominance. They are still largely dominated by Burkitt lymphoma, followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma.
Introduction: Noma is defined as a gangrenous ulcerative stomatitis whose starting point is endobuccal. Its exact etiology remains unknown, but many risk factors have been described (malnutrition, poor hygiene, etc.). Chronic lymphoid leukemia (LLC) is a lymphoproliferative syndrome characterized by medullary proliferation of a B lymphocyte clone. It is not considered as a risk factor for noma disease. Observation: A 43-year-old patient is admitted in the odontostomatology unit of the Dapaong Regional Hospital Centre (Togo) for a deep lesion of the left cheek. The clinical examination allows to conclude the presence of a noma. Biological examinations also show a LLC at Binet stage C. In our patient, the LLC is associated with an immunosuppression and the development of infections due to the late diagnosis of the LLC. Comment: The immunosuppression and the development of infections are described in the literature as risk factors for noma disease. An association between LLC and noma could therefore exist. However, such association has been reported to date only once in the literature in 1976. Conclusion: Our observation suggests that the LLC could be a risk factor for noma disease. However, further studies based on large samples are necessary to conclude a causal association between LLC and noma.
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