The aim of the research is to study the availability of vitamin D among children of different age and pregnant women living in the Amur region. 339 residents of Blagoveshchensk (279 children of different age and 60 adults) were examined. Among them there were 129 toddlers, 90 children of preschool age of 3-6 years old, 60 adolescents of 15-17 years old and 60 adults (pregnant women) of 18-40 years old. In the blood serum the content of the metabolite of vitamin D [25(OH)D] was studied by high performance liquid chromatography. The assessment of risk factors for failure and deficiency of vitamin D was conducted by clinical and anamnestic data. The first results of the study have been presented. They indicate a high frequency of various vitamin D deficiency in the population of the Amur region. Among 339 residents of the Amur region 92 (27.1%) had an adequate availability of vitamin D, 144 (42.4%) had an insufficiency of 25(OH)D; at the same time vitamin D deficiency was identified in 90 (26.5%) with 1/3 of the child population and 1/4 of pregnant women. The level of 25(OH)D within normal limits found in 37.5% of children in the first year of life decreased till 3.6 % by 3 years old, with its deficit increasing from 29.1% to 50%, persisting at this level (45.5 percent) in 3-6 year-old children, declining till 23.3% in adolescents and till 23.3% in pregnant women. The average vitamin D in the studied age periods was the highest in the first year of life (36.14±4.3 ng/ml), and the lowest in 2-3 year-old children (19.31±14.68 ng/ml), with a gradual increase in 3-6 years old (21.77±0.96 ng/ml); in 15-17 years old (23.89±0.66 ng/ml) and in pregnant women it has reached a level of 27.75±0.18 ng/ml, remaining below normal values. Respiratory infections, digestion, bone and joint systems pathologies are the most important risk factors contributing to the low status of 25 (OH) D; their prevention, alongside with the correction of vitamin D deficiency can improve the health of the population of the Amur region.
Summary: Epidemiological studies indicate a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children and adult population in different countries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]10]. In connection with the numerous studies of foreign authors, which proved the adverse effects on the body vitamin D: the development of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, cancer (mammary, pancreas, prostate gland, intestine and colon), heart failure, hypertension, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, obesity. In connection with the urgency of the problem of insufficient content of cholecalciferol in the blood of children, a survey of 229 children of different ages. This study is a fragment of a multicenter, prospective, cohort, pharmacoepidemiological studies assessing the provision of child population younger age group vitamin D in the Russian Federation "SPRING". The results of study of vitamin D metabolites in serum of healthy children from 3 to 6 years, adolescents aged 15-17 years living on the territory of Amur region. These results allow to speak about necessity of revision of existing methodological recommendations taking into account modern approaches to the prevention and treatment of deficiency with different degrees of severity of vitamin D in children and adolescents.
Currently, the scientiic literature has increased its interest in vitamin D. Over the last 50 years has published more than 60 thousand articles on the topic have been published. The role of vitamin D in regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in the body is widely known in understanding of the doctor associated with impact primarily on the osteo-articular system and using it for prevention/treatment of rickets in children of the irst year of life [2,7,9]. In recent years, were convincing data on the role of vitamin D in many biological processes were discovered and collected. Hormonally active forms of vitamin D, namely calcitriol receptors, found in 40 diferent tissues of the body, where they carry out the regulation of processes of growth and diferentiation of cells, prevent their excessive proliferation and control the synthesis of hormones[1,2,8,9]. Deiciency of this vitamin is associated with the risk of development of autoimmune, inlammatory, oncological diseases, arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, obesity. It is proved that the normal security uncostly efects of this vitamin in the body need the content of 25(OH)D above 30 ng/ml.
Novadays, the lack of sunshine vitamin D is associated with rickets in children and osteoporosis in adults. Recently, however, new data on the physiological role of cholecalciferol and the relationship of its deicit with numerous diseases (immune system, cardiovascular, oncological, neurological, etc.) were received. This paper presents the analysis of the results of the study of vitamin D metabolites in serum of healthy adolescents, training on the basis of the Amur Cadet Corps, residing in the territory of the Amur region. Risk factors for development of vitamin D deiciency were Identiied and the adequacy of preventive measures was assessed. A study to identify D-deicient states of conditionally healthy adolescents in the Amur region began with the December 2014 and March, 2015. The article presents the irst results of studies indicating a high frequency of deicits of varying severity of vitamin D in healthy adolescent boys in the Amur region. Currently the principles of prevention and optimal methods of correction of low vitamin D status in adolescents are not developed. These results allow to speak about necessity of revision of existing methodological recommendations taking into account modern approaches to the prevention and treatment of deiciency with diferent degrees of severity of vitamin D in children and adolescents. Key words. Vitamin D, cholecalciferol, hypovitaminosis, deiciency, vitamin D insuiciency, adolescent boys, cadets, risk factors. Introduction. In the scientiic literature has dramatically increased the interest in solar vitamin D. Over the past half century was published more than 60 thousand articles on the subject. Not more than 30% of physiological needs vitamin D enters the human body. To prevent the efects of D-deiciency condition is a necessary and timely prevention and treatment of vitamin D deiciency, so additional applications of farmpreparatov vitamin D throughout life is necessary. Up to the present time vitamin D was associated within the meaning of the doctor efect on bone-joint system and for the prevention/treatment of rickets in children the irst year
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