The selection of pepper genotypes for high yield could be exploited together with high nutritional content and considerable secondary metabolite level. The present study was aimed at evaluating the nutrient and anti-nutrient compositions of ten genotypes of pepper through laboratory assessment. According to the nutrients analyzed, total carotenoid content ranged from 6 - 34 mg / 100 g, β -carotene from 4 – 7 mg / 100 g and ascorbic acid from 83 - 100 mg/ 100g. Most parameters evaluated varied significantly. Moisture content ranged from 84.2% to 77.4%, ash content from 1.5% to 0.8%, protein from 7.5% to 4.6%, fat from 2.7% to 1.8% and fiber from 11.7% to 6.2%. Results also showed that mineral content had the following range: Na with 0.31 – 0.82 mg/ 100 g, K with 24.50 – 40.70 mg/ 100 g, Zn with 21.11 – 26.31 mg/ 100 g, Fe with 0.41 – 0.65 mg/ 100 g and Ca with 5.96 – 121.98 mg/ 100 g. The antinutrients analyzed were also found to be present in varied concentrations across the pepper genotypes. All the genotypes evaluated had values to supply sufficient vitamin A and β– carotene for daily recommendations.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Fruits of Three Pepper Varieties 1. Introduction The production of pepper (chile, bell and specialty-type) worldwide was nearly 200 million tonnes of green pepper and 33 million tonnes of dry peppers in 2013(Naegele et al., 2016).However, the global production of peppers was recently estimated at 14.4 billion dollars (FAO, 2016), approximately forty times bigger than what was obtained in the 80's. Clearly, the market and consumption of peppers is still growing mainly owing to its fruits nutritional value, however, consumers choice could be based on the phenotype attributes (Kim et al., 2014). Selection in fruit crops was probably founded on nutritious, non-toxic, and palatable features. Pleasurable and culinary qualities, including flavor, succulence, juiciness, and other consumer-desirable characteristics were added later (Gascuel et al., 2017).Due to wide genetic variability and diversity of peppers, alternatives to several new gene rearrangements are possible. Pepper breeding are mainly aimed at features such as productivity, disease and pest resistance, fruit characteristics (bioactive compounds, pungency and flavor), and abiotic stresses (drought, salinity) (Kuhn Ojua, Eugene O.
This study was aimed at inducing mutation on three cultivars of Capsicum annuum L. to source for new and favourable genetic variations that could be exploited for better agronomic traits. The mutation was induced by exposing the seeds of Shombo, Tatase and Nsukka yellow pepper to varied dosages (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 Gy from 60Co source) of gamma irradiation. The study was conducted in the Botanic Garden of the University of Nigeria. Seeds exposed to 50Gy produced significantly (P < 0.05) the highest number of fruits per plant, highest fruit yield and improved morphological traits in Shombo. Higher dosages of irradiation gave lower fruits per plant and yields than untreated seeds in Shombo. Tatase irradiated with 150 Gy had significantly the highest single fresh fruit weight. Generally in Tatase 50, 100 and 150Gy increased some morphological traits significantly (P < 0.05). Although 50 Gy gave highest number of fruits per plant, 100, 150 and 200Gy had significantly higher fruit yield with yield increasing as dosage increased. For Nsukka yellow, irradiation did not show a consistent pattern in improving morphological traits. But 200Gy produced significantly the highest number of fruits per plant and highest yield. Gamma irradiation dosage of 50 – 200 Gy can be exploited to create variability for improvement of morphological and yield traits in pepper plants.
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