Background:
Plant parasitic nematodes are dangerous pests that damage various agricultural
crops and decrease their productivity.
Objective:
The resistance of new lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants obtained under in vitro
conditions on MS media containing microbial bioregulators to plant parasitic nematodes was studied
under in vitro and greenhouse conditions.
Methods:
Here we conducted physiological and molecular-genetic studies of resistance of wheat plants
to nematodes.
Results:
In vitro experiments showed that wheat plants grown on MS media with microbial
bioregulators had 20-37 % of infestation with cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae, significantly
lower when compared with 73 % of infestation of the control plants grown without bioregulators. Bioregulators
increased morphometric parameters of the wheat plants obtained under in vitro conditions on
MS media and further grown under greenhouse conditions on the natural invasive background: stem
height increased 13.6-37.5 %, flag leaf length 18.0-19.3 %, ear length 6.8-24.6 %, and ear weight 27.0-
54.5 %, when compared with control wheat plants. The difference in the degree of hybridizated molecules
mRNA and si/miRNA from control and experimental wheat plants increased: 15-39 % in plants
grown under in vitro conditions on the invasive background created by H. avenae and 33-56 % in seeds
of plants grown under greenhouse conditions on the natural invasive background. The silencing activity
of si/miRNA from wheat plants grown on MS media with bioregulators increased: 20-51 % in plants
grown under in vitro conditions on the invasive background created by H. avenae or 38-64 % in plants
grown under greenhouse conditions on the natural invasive background.
Conclusion:
Our studies confirm the RNAi-mediated resistance to plant nematodes of wheat plants obtained
on media with microbial bioregulators and grown under in vitro and greenhouse conditions.
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