The results of research on the effect of biopreparations on soybean plants in the Primorsky Territory are presented. The experiment was conducted in 2020, 2021 under the conditions of a plot experiment. The preparations were studied on soybean plants of the Primorskaya 86 variety. The objects of research are microbiological preparation Biocomposite-correct and organomineral fertilizer Biostim Start. The experiment scheme included the following variants: without treatment (control); treatment of seeds with Biocomposite Correct; treatment of seeds and plants spraying with Biocomposite Correct; treatment of seeds with Biocomposite Correct + Biostim Start; treatment of seeds with Biocomposite Correct and Biostim Start + plants spraying with Biocomposite Correct. The use of biopreparations contributed to a decrease in the intensity of septoriosis development relative to the control (29.8%) by 5.2-6.8%. The maximum biological efficiency in the experiment (23.1%) was observed in the variant with treatment of soybean seeds with Biocomposite-correct. Complex treatment with Biocomposite-correct provided a reduction of downy mildew manifestations by 8.2%, the biological effectiveness was 37.8%. The biological products had a positive effect on the plant growth and development. The largest plant growth in the phase of full maturity was noted in the variant with Biocomposite Correct + Biostim Start + plant spraying with Biocomposite Correct (56.6 cm), in the control - 49.3 cm. When using biopreparations, the number of nodules exceeded the control by 17.4-34.1%, the number of leaves by 28.3-39.5%. The thousand-seed weight varied between 180.0-190.6 g in the experimental variants, and 157.5 g in the control. The seed weight per plant in the experimental variants was higher than the control by 41.3-70.6%. The studied preparations provided an increase in the yield in all the variants of the experiment. The biological yield was 3.3-3.7 t/ha with the yield of 2.5 t/ha in the control.
The results of the use of entomophages and biological products to regulate the number of cabbage pests (cabbage moth Mamestra brassicae L., cabbage butterfly Pieris brassicae L., turnip butterfly Pieris rapae L., diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L.) are presented. The study was carried out in the Primorsky Territory in 2018-2020. The efficiency of Trichogramma ussuricum Sorokina applications was assessed on cabbage varieties. The effectiveness of the entomophage against the cabbage moth varied from 33.3 to 66.6%, against the turnip butterfly - from 32.6 to 70.2%. In field experiments the effectiveness of biological products Fitoverm EC (0.09 l/ha), Akarin EC (1.6 l/ha), Proclaim WG (0.3 kg/ha), Bitoxibacillin (10 l/ha), Bitoxibacillin P (2 kg/ha), Lepidocid SC (2 l/ha), Lepidocid P (2 kg/ha) against diamondback moth are studied. Cabbage plants were sprayed with the preparations once. Pest counts were carried out before treatment and after treatment on the 5th, 10th and 15th day in accordance with the approved methods. Bioinsecticide Proclaim showed a high efficiency of 93.0-100% on the 5-10th day. The effectiveness of preparations based on aversectin C and avertin N was 65.0-88.6%. Using the biological product Bitoxibacillin and Lepidocid a decrease the number of diamondback moth relative to the control by 61.2-97.5 и 65.0-78.0% was registered.
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