The state of the immunobiochemical status of the blood of cows when using a drug containing gm-csf was studied on 15 animals with a hypofunctional state of the ovaries. The animals were divided according to the principle of analogues into three groups. The animals were included in the experiment 45- 60 days after calving without signs of sexual cyclicity. The cows of the first group were injected with a drug based on gm-csf (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), the cows of the second one - follimag, the third group served as a negative control without the introduction of drugs. Evaluation of the efficacy of the use of gonadotropic and recombinant drugs showed that the use of the agent based on gm-csf turned out to be the most effective in comparison with follimag and the negative control. After the use of the drug of recombinant interferons, the content of circulating immune complexes turned out to be lower by 30.9%, malon dialdehyde - by 17.1%, medium molecular peptides - by 34.9% TNFα - by 21.0%, IL-1β - by 41.1%, IL-2 - by 35.9%, with an increase in serum bactericidal and lysozyme activity by 13.8% and 21.7%, respectively, phagocytic index - by 12.9%, phagocytic number - by 18.4%, progesterone - by 5.09 times, estradiol - by 29.3%, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate - by 78.9%, IL-4 - by 44.6%, IL-10 - by 20.3%, which indicates activation the humoral link of general nonspecific resistance, an increase in the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines, with a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes, the level of proinflammatory cytokines against the background of the restoration of the hormoneproducing function of the sex gonads. Changes in the indicators of the immunobiochemical blood status of cows are reflected in the activation of the functional activity of the ovaries, the manifestation of full-fledged sexual cycles by animals and successful insemination.
The article presents the material on studying the efficacy of the preparation of recombinant interferons containing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for the prevention of the post-estral uterine bleeding in dairy cows, accompanied by a retardation in ovulation of the dominant follicle. It has been found that a single administration of the drug containing GM-CSF in its composition to cows at a dose of 5.0 ml during insemination, contributes to the ovulatory functional recovery in 86.7% of animals, and reduces the period from calving to fertilization by 27.7 – 37.8 days. The introduction of the recombinant interferon preparation to cows provides activation of the cellular link in the immune defense, normalization of the blood hormonal-cytokine profile, recovery of the ovulatory function in the genital gonads. This is manifested by an increase in the serum lysozyme activity – by 29.5%, leukocyte phagocytic activity – by 12.4%, phagocytic index – by 38.8%, phagocytic number – by 58.8%, progesterone – by 59.9%, estradiol – by 60.0%, testosterone – by 59.3%, DHEA-S – by 56.8%, IL-4 – by 42.5%, IL-10 – by 53.4%, with a decrease in the content of IL-2 – by 40.4% and IL-1β – by 37.2%.
The study presents the data on the level of expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in piglets with gas-trointestinal diseases of bacterial etiology. The analysis of gene expression showed that the expression levels of IL-1α and IL-10 were significantly increased in sick piglets, while IL-1β lost its activity. During the histological examination, there were no differences between the structure of the intestines of sick and healthy piglets. However, cytological examination: of the samples obtained from sick piglets demonstrated alteration and a decrease in the adhesive barrier in the epithelium of intestinal villi.
The article presents a morphological and structural assessment of the kidneys of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) grown under conditions of intensification in the Voronezh region. Histological studies revealed pathological processes occurring in the renal tubules. This was manifested in the presence of vacuole, granular, and mixed dystrophy of the tubule parenchyma. The data obtained indicate that a high growth rate of fish has a negative effect on the excretory system, in particular – the renal epithelium is damaged.
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