Commercially available calcium phosphate cements set by precipitation of nanoapatite or brushite. The goal of this study was to elucidate the most suitable conditions for forming cements from calcium potassium sodium phosphate. Furthermore, the behaviour of these cements after immersion in SBF and/or TRIS solution was investigated. Using varying additives resulted in differences in solubility kinetics. The XRD spectra of all investigated cement compositions displayed Ca2KNa(PO4)2 after setting. However, the various cement compositions differed with respect to apatite formation when immersed in TRIS buffer in and/or SBF solution. Therefore, when investigating calcium phosphate cements we consider it necessary to clearly differentiate between the phases which form after completion of the final setting time when these materials set in air, and the phases which form in a time dependant manner after immersion in different biological fluids.
The surface of a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) implant material was covered with a bioactive calcium alkali phosphate ceramic with the aim to accelerate the healing and to form a stronger bond to living bone tissue. To fix the ceramic powder we used a femtosecond laser, which causes a thin surface melting of the metal. It is a requirement to prove that the laser irradiation would not reduce the lifetime of implants. Here we present the results of mechanical stability tests, determined by the rotating bending fatigue strength of sample rods. After describing the sample surfaces and their modifications caused by the laser treatment we give evidence for an unchanged mechanical stability. This applies not only to the ceramic fixation but also to a comparatively strong laser ablation.
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