In this work, Sr0.3Ba0.4Pb0.3Fe12O19/(CuFe2O4)x (x = 2, 3, 4, and 5) as strongly exchange-coupled nanosized ferrites were fabricated using a one-pot sol–gel combustion method (citrate sol-gel method). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) powder patterns of the products confirmed the occurrence of pure, exchange-coupled ferrites. Frequency dependencies of the microwave characteristics (MW) were investigated using a co-axial method. The non-linear behavior of the MW with the composition transformation may be due to different degrees of Fe ion oxidation on the spinel/hexaferrite grain boundaries and strong exchange coupling during the hard and soft phases.
BaFe12−xGaxO19 hexaferrites were synthesized via the usual ceramic technology; with an increase in x, the unit cell and magnetic parameters monotonically decrease.
NiFe nanocrystalline films were formed onto Au film via pulsed electrolyte deposition with variable time of relaxation between the sequential pulses. Analysis of anomalous non-liner changes in the NiFe film structure showed the implementation of three mechanisms, resulting in "layer-by-layer", "layer-plus-island", or "island" growth. The change of the interpulse relaxation time provides the possibility to realize all three different mechanisms. The grown NiFe films may have different morphology. The ultrathin NiFe films have nanosized grains and exhibit high uniformity of structure, the films may be also combined of less that 10 nm nanoscale grains and their conglomerates, typically, about 50 nm in size, and, additionally, the film structure, consisting of isolated magnetic islands can be realized. The phenomenological explanation of the different mechanisms was obtained using atomic-force-microscopy (AFM) approach. It has been demonstrated that the growth mechanism can be controlled by nanocrystallites conglomeration, which is accelerated with increasing the relaxation time. The origin of the conglomeration process is mainly associated with high surface energy of nanosized grains.
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