Control of Growth Mechanism of Electrodeposited Nanocrystalline NiFe Films

Abstract

NiFe nanocrystalline films were formed onto Au film via pulsed electrolyte deposition with variable time of relaxation between the sequential pulses. Analysis of anomalous non-liner changes in the NiFe film structure showed the implementation of three mechanisms, resulting in "layer-by-layer", "layer-plus-island", or "island" growth. The change of the interpulse relaxation time provides the possibility to realize all three different mechanisms. The grown NiFe films may have different morphology. The ultrathin NiFe films have nanosized grains and exhibit high uniformity of structure, the films may be also combined of less that 10 nm nanoscale grains and their conglomerates, typically, about 50 nm in size, and, additionally, the film structure, consisting of isolated magnetic islands can be realized. The phenomenological explanation of the different mechanisms was obtained using atomic-force-microscopy (AFM) approach. It has been demonstrated that the growth mechanism can be controlled by nanocrystallites conglomeration, which is accelerated with increasing the relaxation time. The origin of the conglomeration process is mainly associated with high surface energy of nanosized grains.

Anisotropic Grain Growth in (111) Nanotwinned Cu Films by DC Electrodeposition

“…There are many factors affecting the size and distribution of grain, such as surface energy inside the grain, residual stress of the film, grain boundary diffusion, and recrystallization, etc. [33,34]. Among them, the influence of surface energy is the most critical factor.…”

The Study of the Applicability of Electron Irradiation for FeNi Microtubes Modification

“…Conditions for recording diffractograms: 2θ = 20-80 • , step 0.02 • , spectrum acquisition time 3 s, X-ray radiation Cu-Kα, λ = 1.54 Å. An analysis of the structural characteristics, as well as the phase composition, was carried out using TOPAS v.5.0 software based on the Rietveld method [32,33].…”

Electrochemical Behaviour of Ti/Al2O3/Ni Nanocomposite Material in Artificial Physiological Solution: Prospects for Biomedical Application

“…The set of these properties defines their surface functionality. The surface functionality is a basis for the use of nanocomposite materials in many areas, in particular, its biomedical application [39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Unfortunately, the data on the reactions observed during the contacts of nanomaterials with organic and inorganic matter is extremely limited and contradictory.…”