For the first time, perennial materials on the Orchidacaeae Juss. family of Chechnya are summarizedб consisting of 15 families and 29 species. The largest genus in the family – Orchis L. is represented by 8 species. The article presents information that all members of the family are protected plants listed in the Red Book of Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, and the Stavropol Territory. Some species are not included in the list of plants to be protected, including those species that have underground tuberoids and can serve as a source of salep (for instance, Platanthera bifolia, P. chlorantha, Herminium monorchis, Traunsteinera sphaerica, Dactylorhisa incarnata, D. salina, D. urvilleana). In this connection, data on the resources of family members and the potential possibilities of their use as a medicinal raw material are of interest. We have carried out resource studies of the most common species of Orchis tridentata Scop, within the North Caucasus. The obtained data allow us to expand our understanding of the species role of Orchidaceae Juss family. Пoлyчeнныe дaнныe пoзBoляют pacшиpить пpeдcтaBлeниe o poли BидoB ceмeйcтBa Orchidaceae Juss. of the North Caucasus flora in the composition of vegetation cover.
The reduction of plant biodiversity occurs for various reasons. Particular attention should be paid to the territory of the reserves and reserves, especially after the war, their restoration, which takes place at a slow pace. The main condition for preserving the biodiversity of Chechnya is the optimization of its economic development, bringing it in line with the ecological capacity of ecosystems, the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies. Now the second issue of the Red Book of the Chechen Republic is being prepared for publication, according to preliminary data, 215 species of higher vascular plants and dozens of spore and fungi will enter. Chechnya has great advantages in preserving species in natural cenoses. Steps are being taken to protect plants in artificial conditions-in mini-botanical gardens, in private plots. Introductory study of rare species of Chechnya is 5%. Many species are resistant to culture. Reserve and insurance funds (lists) of these types are created. Methodological aspects of reintroduction, various methods of transferring plants to natural locations, methodological observations and monitoring of the state and restoration of the number of natural populations are being developed. An important aspect is the activities on environmental education and public education. Effective solution of biodiversity conservation issues is possible with an integrated and systemic approach.
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