Composition of tocochromanols in kernels recovered from 16 different apricot varieties (Prunus armeniaca L.) was studied. Three tocopherol (T) homologues, namely α, γ and δ, were quantified in all tested samples by an RP-HPLC/FLD method. The γ-T was the main tocopherol homologue identified in apricot kernels and constituted approximately 93% of total detected tocopherols. The RP-UPLC-ESI/MS(n) method detected trace amounts of two tocotrienol homologues α and γ in the apricot kernels. The concentration of individual tocopherol homologues in kernels of different apricots varieties, expressed in mg/100 g dwb, was in the following range: 1.38-4.41 (α-T), 42.48-73.27 (γ-T) and 0.77-2.09 (δ-T). Moreover, the ratio between individual tocopherol homologues α:γ:δ was nearly constant in all varieties and amounted to approximately 2:39:1.
The Latvian and the Swedish sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) genetic resources collections comprise valuable material for breeding. The collections represent local Latvian and 'Scandinavian genetic resources: semi-wild samples, landraces, and cultivars developed in local breeding programmes, as well as diverse germplasm from the northern temperate zone. The objective of this investigation was to determine which S 1 -S 6 alleles are most important in the sweet cherry genetic resources collections and to compare the identified allelic and genotypic frequencies in material of different origin. Accessions in the two collections were screened for the presence of the self-incompatibility (S) S 1 to S 6 alleles, using PCR based typing. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between screened collections were found in frequencies of S 4 and S 5 alleles. Analysis of allele combinations identified the high occurrence of selections with the S-genotype S 3 S 6 in both collections. Compared to the S-allele frequencies published for over 250 sweet cherry cultivars from Western and Southern Europe, the Latvian and Swedish germplasm appeared to have a high frequency of the S 6 allele in both collections, and a relatively high frequency of the S 5 allele in Latvian germplasm. This study represents the first comprehensive S-allele screening for the sweet cherry genetic resources collections in Latvia and Sweden. Both sweet cherry collections contain high proportion of accessions adapted to north central European growing conditions, not typical for the majority of the documented sweet cherry genetic resources, which explains differences in certain S-allele occurrence.
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