Pollination, pollen tube growth and fertilization in Chaenomeles japonica (Japanese quince)

Protogynous, pollen limitation and low seed production reasoned for the dieback of Spartina anglica in coastal China

“…Some plants took 11-24 h for both self-and cross-pollen tubes to reach ovules [57]; some even took 2-6 days [21,58]. Ten or more days after pollination, both self-and cross-pollen tubes reached the lower end of the carpel [39].…”

Significant effect of accidental pollinations on the progeny of low setting Prunus interspecific crosses

“…Bagging emasculated flowers to avoid unwanted pollination is a safe practice although it is labour demanding and, consequently, it is often omitted in situations where the risk of accidental pollination is considered as reasonably low (van der Zeet et al, 1977;Moore & Janick, 1983;Sedgley & Griffin, 1989). Accidental pollinations of emasculated flowers have been reported at low levels (2-5%) in apricot (Viti et al, 1997) or Japanese quince (Kaufmane & Rumpunen, 2002) and as negligible in mango or poplar (Singh et al, 1980;Houston & Joehlin, 1989). However, this situation may be more unfavourable in circumstances where final fruit setting is very low such as interspecific crosses.…”

Pollen viability, germination, and seed setting of Nelumbo nucifera

“…Wang et al 4 and Teng et al 9 however showed that the maximum number of germinated pollen of jinsenianhua × qinhuaihuadeng, and qinhuaihuadeng × jinsenianhua lotus was highest at 4 h after pollination. Self-pollinated plants with a low pollen germination rate have been reported in other plants 27,34,35 . In Chaenomeles japonica self pollen deterioration occurs and the pollen tubes stunt at 3 days after pollination, whereas the cross pollen is able to grow rapidly into the style.…”

“…Normally, in self-incompatible and selfcompatible plants, the index of self-incompatibility is greater than 80% and less than 50%, respectively 37 . In self-incompatible plants, self-pollination lowered the seed-setting rate 16 whereas cross-pollinated plants gave a higher fruit setting rate 35,36,38,39 . Manual selfpollination did not increase the seed-setting rate due to inbreeding depression 36,39,40 .…”

“…In Chaenomeles japonica self pollen deterioration occurs and the pollen tubes stunt at 3 days after pollination, whereas the cross pollen is able to grow rapidly into the style. In the self pollen case, the germinated tube arrest in the style, while the cross pollen is able to grow successfully in the style 35 .…”