The paper presents the results of examinations of materials and tribological properties of chromized carbide layers produced on tool steel by means the powder method, modified by the use of low pressure during the process, for the avoidance of the oxidation of the batch. Investigations of the structure of the layers, the topography of the surface of chromized steel samples, their hardness, Young′s modulus, layers adhesion to steel core and tribological properties were conducted. It was proved that the structure and proprieties of chromized carbide layers produced by means of both methods are similar. However, layers produced with the novel vacuum method have greater thicknesses than layers received with the powder method, at the same process parameters (the time and the temperature). This means that, with the novel vacuum method, one could produce layers at lower temperatures than is possible by means of the traditional pack powder method, which has an essential meaning from the point of view of mechanical proprieties of the steel core.
The technological properties of the hot-work tool steels depend on their microstructural quality induced by the production process and the heat treatment. One of the frequently applied methods to improve microstructure is preheat treatment. The treatment of carbonitriding X37CrMoV5-1 steel has been investigated in fluidized bed furnaces. Thickness and phase composition have been conducted using optical microscopy Neophot 32 and scanning microscopy, JEOL 5400, after etching in nital.
The paper presents the results of examinations of the structure and properties of duplex layers of the CrC+(Co-W) type, produced in a vacuum chromizing process on a tool steel surface covered with Co-W electrolytic alloy. A comparison of the CrC+(Co-W) type duplex layers with the CrC type single carbide layers, produced in vacuum chromizing process, were performed. Studies of layers thickness, their hardness, structure, and concentration depth profiles of elements in the diffusion zone of these layers were carried out. Tribological properties of the layers and corrosion resistance were determined. It has been proven that the wear resistance by friction of the CrC+(Co-W) type duplex layers, produced by means vacuum chromizing of tool steel covered with Co-W alloy electrolytic coating, is as good as single carbide layers of the CrC type, but their corrosion resistance is higher.
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