This study focuses on the relationship between the use of specific cognitive emotion regulation strategies and emotional problems. Two samples were included: 99 adults from a clinical population and 99 matched non-clinical adults. Data was obtained in both groups on the use of nine cognitive emotion regulation strategies: self-blame, other-blame, rumination, catastrophizing, putting into perspective, positive refocusing, positive reappraisal, acceptance, and refocus on planning.Logistic regression analyses show that self-blame, catastrophizing, and positive reappraisal were, relative to the other strategies, the most important variables for distinguishing between the two samples. While the first two strategies were reported significantly more often by the clinical than by the non-clinical sample, positive reappraisal was reported significantly more often by the non-clinical sample. The results suggest that cognitive emotion regulation strategies may be a useful target for prevention and intervention.
Sixty agoraphobics were treated by behavioural therapy (self-exposure in vivo) either with their partner involved in all aspects of treatment or without their partner. The two treatment formats were about equally effective. Behavioural treatment directed at the agoraphobia resulted in improvement irrespective of marital quality and partner involvement in the therapy. The effects of treatment led neither to a deterioration of the marriage nor to adjustment problems in the partner. Avoidance behaviour, intropunitivity and overprotection were found to predict treatment response. The partners of agoraphobics were not found to have psychological problems themselves.
Background—The aim of the study was to assess the short‐term efficacy of panic management, trazodone and a combination of both in the treatment of panic disorder. In none of the treatments exposure in vivo instructions were given. Method—Patients were diagnosed using DSM‐III‐R criteria for panic disorder. A randomly assigned, comparative design was used in which patients were their own controls. Fifty‐two of 60 outpatients who entered the study, completed the 6‐week baseline and 6‐week active treatment period. Outcome measures included self‐report measures for panic frequency, panic intensity, agoraphobic anxiety and avoidance, and depression. Results—There was significant improvement on all symptom dimensions during treatment in contrast to the baseline period. No evidence for a differential efficacy of the three treatments was found. Both dropout and improvement rates were substantially lower than those reported in previous studies of behaviour therapy and antidepressants or a combination of both in panic patients. Conclusion—It is concluded that the short‐term effects of panic management and trazodone without concurrent exposure in vivo instructions are marginal and comparable to those of placebo as reported in previous studies. It is suggested to evaluate the efficacy of a prescriptive simple component therapy versus a multicomponent psychotherapy for panic.
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